Personal Statement,The purpose of the study Statement

,The motivation behind the investigation - Personal Statement Example My doctoral qualification in instructive innovation would outfit with immense information and abilities and assist me with adding to growing instructive projects through new mechanism of computerized innovation. Correspondence innovation elevates exceptionally inventive way to deal with instruction and my enthusiasm for online instructive projects would get an extraordinary lift through my doctoral program. As of late, online training has progressively gotten well known over the globe. It offers new would like to individuals who were until now not ready to seek after instruction or advanced education because of individual imperatives. Online training or separation instruction gives individuals tremendous choices to get new abilities and information to address the difficulties of time and contend effectively. I might want to add to the online training through profoundly imaginative strategy of website architecture and present structure instructive activitys. I emphatically accept that sight and sound in instruction massively encourages learning capacities of understudies and helps meet their individual requirements for ideal accomplishment. My PhD would help gain aptitude in the picked field so it could be utilized to accomplish my long haul and momentary objectives throughout everyday life. I am likewise profoundly determined individual with aspiring objectives in the region of online instructive projects. I might want to achieve the most significant level of expert greatness, as far as picking up information and experience in order to arrive at the situation of Professor in a famous college. The advancing instructional innovation is colossally testing and offers tremendous extension for individual and expert turn of events. In particular, in the zone of separation instruction, online courses use innovation sensibly to convey the more extensive objectives of training and make it open to individuals from various segment section over the globe. In addition, the online courses likewise help develop new educational programs and approach that not just

King Claudius is one of the most interesting characters Essay Example for Free

Lord Claudius is one of the most fascinating characters Essay Lord Claudius is one of the most intriguing characters with regards to William Shakespeares play, Hamlet. He is a man who is constantly distracted with keeping up his own capacity, as opposed to securing his nation, Denmark, from peril. Act IV is one of the most huge acts in Hamlet as it gives us how Claudius truly thinks. In this demonstration, we experience Claudiuss vindictive taste and his fixation on power. Claudius is consequently one of the more huge characters in this demonstration, as this is the place we perceive how his brain functions and how he goes to boundaries to recapture his power over his kin and the occasions that have as of late happened. One of the manners in which that Claudius keeps up his capacity is by utilizing others furthering his own potential benefit, in particular Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are two vague retainers who comply with the Claudiuss each order. Claudius additionally utilizes them as his very own government operatives, which is another genuine case of how he utilizes them to further his own potential benefit. Hamlet reflects upon this in perhaps the best statement in the play that appropriately depict Rosencrantz and Guildenstern: Besides, to be requested a wipe! that absorbs the rulers face, his rewards, his specialists: when he needs what you have gathered, it is nevertheless pressing you, and, wipe, you will be dry once more. 1 In this statement, Hamlet portrays Rosencrantz and Guildenstern as wipes. This is a significant decent examination since wipes absorb water and afterward are re-utilized once they are crushed, while Rosencrantz and Guildenstern get together indispensable data for the lord and afterward are re-utilized once their data is imparted to the ruler. Another case of how Claudius endeavors to recover authority over the undertakings happening in Denmark is when Polonius is killed by Hamlet. At the point when Claudius catches wind of the homicide, he starts to think politically in the way that the homicide may destroy his majesty. He understands that to illuminate this issue without compromising his position would require a lot of work and expertise: We should, with all our highness and aptitude,/Both face and reason. 2 Claudius, understanding that Hamlets unique aim was really to kill him3, chooses to send Hamlet promptly to England with the expectation that the English lord would kill him under Claudiuss demand. This can be considered as a genuine case of how Claudius is fixated on keeping up his political force. Since Claudius is presently mindful of Hamlets vindictive state, sending Hamlet to England might be considered as a decent method to get Hamlet far from Claudius. Another valid justification to why Claudius sends Hamlet to be killed in England and not in Denmark is a direct result of dread of losing his political force. On the off chance that Claudius chooses to slaughter Hamlet, both Gertrude and the individuals of Denmark will abhor him as the two of them love Hamlet without a doubt, and therefore, his majesty will be in question. However should not we put the solid law on him: Hes cherished of the occupied huge number, Who like not in their judgment, yet their eyes; And where tis in this way, the guilty parties scourge is weighd But never the offense. To shoulder all smooth and even, This abrupt sending him away should appear to be Deliberate respite 4 Another case of how Claudius recaptures his command over the occasions happening in this demonstration is when Laertes returns requesting to realize who had executed his dad. Claudius doesn't disclose to Laertes the guilty party before Gertrude, expecting that she would betray him. Rather, he chooses to tell Laertes despite her good faith. It is right now that Claudius and Laertes are educated that privateers have returned Hamlet to Denmark, this allows Claudius to hit an arrangement with Laertes: If Claudius lets Laertes murder Hamlet, at that point Laertes will be under Claudiuss order. This is a greater favorable position for Claudius as it disposes of Hamlet without influencing his sovereignty, and it holds Laertes under his order. My ruler, I will be administered: The somewhat, in the event that you could devise it with the goal that I may be the organ. 5 Claudius concocts an idiot proof intend to kill Hamlet. He recommends that a fencing match be held among Laertes and Hamlet, except for a honed blade given to Laertes as opposed to an unpolished blade. He likewise adds that if Hamlet somehow happened to win, Claudius would give him a harmed drink as congrats to his triumph. Also, he calls for drink, Ill have set him up A cup for the nonce; wherepon yet tasting, If he by chance departure your venomd stuck, Our motivation may hold here. 6. This specific scene is amazingly noteworthy as it shows the peruser how really malicious Claudius is and how far he would go to keep up his capacity. Claudius is one of the most significant characters in Hamlet. He is a character of genuine force and disdain, who might go to any outrageous just to keep up his capacity and his authority. His fixation on supreme force is significantly depicted in Act IV of Hamlet, making it one of the most significant and clear acts in the play. 1 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV.ii. 13, 16-16, 20-22. 2 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV. I. 31-33. 3 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV. I. 13 4 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV. iii. 3-9. 5 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV. vii. 69-71. 6 William Shakespeare, Hamlet (Toronto: Harcourt Brace Company Canada Ltd, 1988), IV. vii. 160-163.

Where to Start The Books of Ursula K. Le Guin--List List #288

Where to Start The Books of Ursula K. Le Guin--List List #288 This List List is sponsored by Dara Horn’s Eternal Life, on sale now from W. W. Norton. Rachel has a problem: she can’t die. Her recent troubles are only the latest in a litany spanning dozens of countries, scores of marriages, and hundreds of children. In the 2,000 years since she made a bargain to save the life of her first son back in Jerusalem, she’s tried everything to free herself. As the twenty-first century begins and her children and grandchildren develop technologies that could change her fate, Rachel knows she must find a way out. Eternal Life celebrates the bonds between generations, the power of faith, the purpose of death, and the reasons for being alive. at Signature, Where to Start: Ursula K. Le Guin at Bustle, 7 Novels To Pick Up When You Need Creative Inspiration at Unbound Worlds, 5 Familiar Horror Classics Remixed, Reimagined, and Retold at Cosmopolitan, 10 Books to Help You Beat the January Blues at Electric Literature, 10 Galvanizing Books About Political Protest at LitReactor, The 10 Best Places to Find Quality Short Fiction at Read it Forward, 18 Books Phoebe Robinson Recommends on Instagram at OZY, 5 African Sci-Fi and Fantasy Books to Add to Your Reading List at Off the Shelf, 6 Recommended Reads from a Small Town Library at Entertainment Weekly, 16 Books to Read after the Womens March Anniversary at Goodreads Blog, What to Read Based on Oscar-Nominated Movies at Brightly, 8 Great Adult Books for Teens

The Misunderstood Conception Of Communication Essay

1) What point is MacAulay trying to make when it comes to the belief that sexual assault occurs due to miscommunication? MacAulay in this article discusses the misunderstood conception of communication. More specifically, he critiques the analysis of Kitzinger Frith (1999), and O’Bryne, Hansen Rapley (2008) on the notion of communication issues and the causation of rape. Summarizing the findings of those authors is the explanation of how women refuse sex; in other words, how they work around simply saying no. It has become very common for women to convey refusal without actually using the word â€Å"no.† This can be very problematic in a number of ways. For example, if a woman were to apologize and say she can’t go out tonight because she has work in the morning, it leaves a glimmer of opportunity in the eyes of men; meaning they could keep asking in hopes of her not having to work early on a given day. That could be prevented by a simple no. However, the reason behind this way of refusal is explained by women as a way of refusal that removes the arrogance and rudeness from a re jection. MacAulay states that this is the main problem. He states that rapists are very opportunistic; they wait for a chance to do or say something and pounce on it. Therefore, by refusing sex without actually saying no, you are allowing them to attempt to persuade that refusal into a yes. Their main purpose is to see if they can talk you out of a no. additionally, a major note is that it doesn’tShow MoreRelatedCase Incident : Dianna Abdala Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagescase incident titled Dianna Abdala. This incident was cited from chapter 6: Communication, Conflict, and Negotiation of the Fundamentals of Organizational Behavior. The report examines the summary of an email communication between a law school graduate named Dianna Abdala and Attorney William A. Korman, who is a prospective employer. With whom do you side here – Abdala or Korman? 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Compare And Contrast Packer And Due Process - 1793 Words

The idea of this paper is to ultimately compare Packer s two Models of the Criminal Justice System: The Due Process Model, and Crime Control Model to a popular movie of our choice. I chose the the movie, The Lincoln Lawyer, directed by Brad Furman. My goal is to be able to show how the movie and the Packer reading matchup. In this paper, I am comparing how the main character, Mickey Haller, uses both Due Process and the Crime Control Models of the criminal justice system. Mick Haller is a defense attorney, who is faced with many difficult decisions involving the cases he is a part of during the film. In the movie, Mick uses ideas that come from both models of the criminal justice system. I will then talk about how Mick originally feels†¦show more content†¦Therefore they will most likely be guilty. This is called the presumption of guilt, and according to Packer (1964), â€Å"The presumption of guilt allows the Crime Control Model to deal efficiently with large numbers. The supposition is that the screening processes operated by police and prosecutors are reliable indicators of probable guilt†(11). To get out of a case, the defendant either has to plead guilty to get less time in prison, or there has to be enough evidence presented to prove the innocence of the accused person. Packers Due Process Model is much different than his Crime Control Model. According to Packer (1964), â€Å"If the Crime Control Model resembles an assembly line, the Due Process Model looks very much like an obstacle course† (13). The Due Process model focuses much more on the rights of victims than the Crime Control Model does. It is focused around the premise of the innocent until proven guilty side of court cases. Defendants feel that everyone deserves a fair trial, and every defendant should have all of their rights under the Bill of Rights. They also feels that the powers of police officers should be much less than what the Crime Control Model does. 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Graphene Replaced with Copper Free Essays

string(89) " work with fellow researchers Yinxiao Yang, Kevin Brenner, Thomas Beck and James Meindl\." Graphene replaced with copper Graphene nanoribbons have a current-carrying capacity two orders of magnitude higher than copper Recent research into the properties of graphene nanoribbons provides two new reasons for using the material for interconnects in future computer chips. In widths as narrow as 16 nm, graphene has a current-carrying capacity approximately a thousand times greater than copper while providing improved thermal conductivity. The current-carrying and heat-transfer measurements were reported by a team of researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, GA). We will write a custom essay sample on Graphene Replaced with Copper or any similar topic only for you Order Now The same team had previously reported measurements of resistivity in graphene that suggest the material’s conductance would outperform that of copper in future generations of nanometer-scale interconnects. The graphene nanoribbons have a current-carrying capacity two orders of magnitude higher than copper at these size scales, according to Raghunath Murali, a senior research engineer at Georgia Tech. {draw:frame} Composed of thin layers of graphite, graphene has been studied by the Georgia Tech team as a potential replacement for copper in on-chip interconnects wires. The graphene nanoribbons have a current-carrying capacity of more than 108 A/cm2, which makes them very robust in resisting electromigration and should greatly improve chip reliability. This electromigration phenomenon causes transport of material, especially at high-current density and leads to a break in the wire and, consequently, chip failure. The research team also discovered that the graphene nanoribbons also have excellent thermal conductivity properties and can conduct heat away from devices. They found that graphene nanoribbons have a thermal conductivity of more than 1,000 W/m Kelvin for structures less than 20 nm wide. This will help the interconnects serve as heat spreaders in future generations of integrated circuits, according to Murali. They used electron beam lithography to construct four electrode contacts, then used lithography to fabricate devices consisting of parallel nanoribbons of widths ranging between 16 and 52 nm and lengths of between 0. 2 and 1  µm. The breakdown current density of the nanoribbons was then studied by slowly applying an increasing amount of current to the electrodes on either side of the parallel nanoribbons. A drop in current flow indicated the breakdown of one or more of the nanoribbons. In the study of 21 test devices, the researchers found that the breakdown current density of graphene nanoribbons has a reciprocal relationship to the resistivity. Because graphene can be patterned using conventional chip-making processes, manufacturers could make the transition from copper to graphene without a drastic change in chip fabrication. The data they developed so far look very promising for using this material as the basis for future on-chip interconnects. Visit www. youtube. com/watch? v=kd6zzwhfEqw to view a video explaining graphene’s thermal-conductivity capabilities. Though one of graphene’s key properties is reported to be ballistic transport—meaning electrons can flow through it without resistance—the material’s actual conductance is limited by factors that include scattering from impurities, line-edge roughness and from substrate phonons—vibrations in the substrate lattice. Use of graphene interconnects could help facilitate continuing increases in integrated circuit performance once features sizes drop to approximately 20 nanometers, which could happen in the next five years, researchers said. At that scale, the increased resistance of copper interconnects could offset performance increases, meaning that without other improvements, higher density wouldn’t produce faster integrated circuits. This is not a roadblock to achieving scaling from one generation to the next, but it is a roadblock to achieving increased performance. Dimensional scaling could continue, but because we would be giving up so much in terms of resistivity, we wouldn’t get a performance advantage from that. That’s the problem we hope to solve by switching to a different materials system for interconnects Survey in graphene replaced with copper PORTLAND, Ore. —Graphene will carry nearly 1,000-times more current and run over 10-times cooler than conventional copper interconnects below 22-nanometer line widths, according to researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech). The speed (electron mobility) of graphene has already been touted as better than copper, but this Georgia Tech data on nanoribbons as small as 16-nanometers quantifies just how superior carbon is to copper. The graphene nanoribbons tested at Georgia Tech could carry as much as 10 billion amps per square centimeter—nearly a thousand times greater than copper. â€Å"No one had measured graphene’s current carrying capacity before this,† said Raghunath Murali, a senior research engineer in Georgia Tech’s Nanotechnology Research Center. One possible reason that this property of graphene was not touted before is that there were no experimental results until our work. † The superior current carrying capability of carbon formed into graphene nanoribbons is also combined with less heat build-up, since carbon’s thermal conductivity is much higher than copper. Nanoribbons have a thermal conductivity of 1,000-to-5000 watts per meter Kelvin—ten time s greater than copper. The Georgia Tech researchers also claim that graphene nanoribbons will mitigate electro-migration which is an increasing problem for copper as line widths descend to the nanoscale. If the current carried through a wire is close to the current-carrying capacity of the wire, then the chances of electromigration are greater than if the current in the wire is much smaller than the current-carrying capacity,† said Murali. â€Å"Graphene has over two orders of magnitude greater capacity than copper, thus if a graphene wire is compared to a copper wire carrying the same current, then the graphene wire will better resist electromigration. † Murali’s team obtained their graphene samples by removing layers from a graphite block and depositing them on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer. E-beam lithograhy was used to construct the metal contacts and cut the parallel lines of graphene into lines 16-to-52 nanometers wide and 200-to-1000 nanometers long. There are three hurdles remaining to commercialization of carbon interrconnects, according to the researchers at Georgia Tech: perfecting methods of growing monolayers of graphene over entire wafers (since today only small centimeter-sized areas can be easiliy grown in monolayers), fabricating vias to interrconnect graphene nanowires, and integration of carbon into the back-end of process on a CMOS line. Murali performed the work with fellow researchers Yinxiao Yang, Kevin Brenner, Thomas Beck and James Meindl. You read "Graphene Replaced with Copper" in category "Papers" This research was funded by the Semiconductor Research Corporation, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the Interconnect Focus Center, the Nanoelectronics Research Initiative and the Institute for Nanoelectronics Discovery and Exploration (INDEX). Replacing silicon {draw:frame} Silicon transisitors are approaching the point where further miniturization will no longer be possible. It is expected that once silicon transistors reach 16nm size, optical lithography will no longer be capable of making smaller images. Thus, unless all preogress in transistor size is terminated and performance improvements are limited to processor architecture alone, it is very likely that chip manufacturers will move to graphene as a way to get smaller transisitors. One example is that graphene transistors are very â€Å"leaky† compared to those made of silicon- that is, more charge can escape from them. This means that graphene chips are likely to run much hotter than silicon chips. Graphene has several very appealing traits. Electrons meet much less resistance from graphene than they do from silicon, traveling through it more than 100 times as easily. And because graphene is essentially a two-dimensional material, building smaller devices with it and controlling the flow of electricity within them are easier than with three-dimensional alternatives like silicon transistors. The finding underscores graphene’s potential for serving as an excellent electronic material, such as silicon, that can be used to develop new kinds of transistors based on quantum physics. Because they encounter no obstacles, the electrons in graphene roam freely across the sheet of carbon, conducting electric charge with extremely low resistance. The research team, led by Chun Ning (Jeanie) Lau, found that the electrons in graphene are reflected back by the only obstacle they meet: graphene’s boundaries. â€Å"These electrons meet no other obstacles and behave like quantum billiard balls. â€Å"They display properties that resemble both particles and waves. † when the electrons are reflected from one of the boundaries of graphene, the original and reflected components of the electron can interfere with each other, the way outgoing ripples in a pond might interfere with ripples reflected back from the banks. he â€Å"electronic interference† by measuring graphene’s electrical conductivity at extremely low (0. 26 Kelvin) temperatures. She explained that at such low temperatures the quantum properties of electrons can be studied more easily. The electrons in graphene can display wave-like properties, which could lead to interesting applications such as ballistic transistors, which is a new type of tr ansistor, as well as resonant cavities for electrons, that a resonant cavity is a chamber, like a kitchen microwave, in which waves can bounce back and forth. Scientifically, it has become a new odel system for condensed-matter physics, the branch of physics that deals with the physical properties of solid materials. Graphene enables table-top experimental tests of a number of phenomena in physics involving quantum mechanics and relativity. Bearing excellent material properties, such as high current-carrying capacity and thermal conductivity, graphene ideally is suited for creating components for semiconductor circuits and computers comparing with silicon. Its planar geometry allows the fabrication of electronic devices and the tailoring of a variety of electrical properties. Because it is only one-atom thick, it can potentially be used to make ultra-small devices and further miniaturize electronics. Image shows graphene, which can act as an atomic-scale billiard table, with electric charges acting as billiard balls. (Credit: Lau lab, UC-Riverside) Silicon has been the main ingredient in microchips since they replaced vacuum tubes in electronics. But the common element graphene, found in pencils, may one day supplant silicon on the billion-dollar foundries of IBM, Intel and AMD. Graphene shares the characteristics that make silicon so ubiquitous, not just in computers and cell phones, but in such applications as medical and aviation sensors, ultrahigh-frequency analog electronics for preparing signals for fiber-optic transmission or for radars. Graphene can do what silicon can, only better. Graphene has extraordinary electron-transport properties; its monolayer thickness yields exquisite sensitivity to changes in environment, and its mechanical and thermal properties equal or exceed those of the best conventional materials. The superior properties of graphene and graphene-related materials present an extraordinary opportunity for enabling new classes of electronic, optoelectronic and electromechanical devices and sensors The first commercial use for graphene may be as an electrical coating for LCD screens, solar cells, and touch screens. Thin, transparent, extremely conductive, and strong, it seems ideal for the job. ONE OF THE APPLICATION Graphene Quilts to Keep Things Cool December 21, 2009 {draw:frame} Graphene University of California, Riverside (UCR) Professor of Electrical Engineering and Chair of Materials Science and Engineering Alexander Balandin is leading several projects to explore ways to use the unique capabilities of graphene â€Å"quilts† as heat conductors in high-power electronics. Graphene is a recently discovered single-atom-thick carbon crystal, which reveals many unique properties. In Balandin’s designs, graphene â€Å"quilts† (large-area overlapping networks of graphene flakes) will play quite an opposite role of your grandma’s quilts. They will remove heat instead of retaining it. His work on graphene heat-conducting coats for heat removal from high-power gallium-nitride transistors is being funded by a recently awarded $420,000 grant from U. S. Office of Naval Research (ONR). It aims at an experimental proof-of-concept demonstration to be conducted in Balandin’s Nano-Device Laboratory (NDL). In addition to the ONR grant, Balandin received a new three-year subcontract with the Interconnect Focus Center (IFC), based at the Georgia Institute of Technology, that deals with graphene interconnects and heat spreaders for three-dimensional (3-D) electronics. According to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, in the next five years, up to 80 percent of microprocessor power will be consumed by the interconnect wiring—a driver for the search for new interconnect materials and innovative methods of heat removal. Another recent subcontract awarded to Balandin is with the Functional Engineered Nano Architectonics (FENA) center based at UCLA. In this center, he investigates the problems of energy dissipation in graphene nanostructures and nanodevices. Combined new funding secured by Balandin this month for the three projects exceeds $1 million. The centers’ funding comes from the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) and Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA). Because graphene is only one molecule thick, it didn’t lend itself to traditional methods of thermal conductivity measurement. Balandin led a team of researchers that first measured it using an original non-conventional technique in 2008. The procedure involved a non-contact approach on the basis of Raman spectroscopy utilizing the inelastic scattering of photons (light) by phonons (crystal vibrations). The power dissipated in graphene and corresponding temperature rise were detected by extremely small shifts in the wavelength of the light scattered from graphene. That was sufficient to extract the values of the thermal conductivity through an elaborate mathematical procedure. Balandin’s research group discovered that the thermal conductivity of large suspended graphene sheets varies in the range from about 3000 to 5300 W/mK (watts per meter per degree Kelvin) near room temperature. These are very high values, which exceed those of carbon nanotubes (3,000-3,500 W/mK) and diamond (1,000-2,200 W/mK). As a result of his findings, Balandin has proposed several innovative graphene-based approaches for thermal management , which might lead to creation of a new technology for local cooling and hot-spot spreading in the high-power-density and ultra-fast chips. A detailed description of Balandin’s graphene and thermal management research can be found in his invited popular science article, â€Å"Chill Out,† in the October 2009 issue of IEEE Spectrum, the magazine of the The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). How to cite Graphene Replaced with Copper, Papers

Procrastination and College Students free essay sample

Have you ever put something off? Thinking â€Å"Oh, i’ll just do it tomorrow? † Have you ever thought you were showing signs of a mental disorder by doing that? You’ve probably haven’t. Actions such as putting off your task until the next morning would be called procrastination. The definition of procrastination is the act of delaying or postponing something for another time. Procrastination can be either putting off work for something else that the person believes is more important or just to do something more pleasurable. Procrastination is normally just considered a bad habit that unorganized or lazy people tend to undertake in their daily lives, but chronic procrastination may be the sign of an underlying psychological mental disorder. You can identify if you have procrastination with a number of symptoms and at a greater extent this disorder can even be treated. Many physiological studies have been done on procrastination and many people are trying to find the underlying cause for this disorder. We will write a custom essay sample on Procrastination and College Students or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is a mental disorder that is not quite understood or accepted by many psychologists. According to Timothy A. Pychyl Ph. D. , â€Å"Immediate mood repair† is controlled by the brain’s limbic system. This system controls automatic responses and is a dominant part of the brain. It can overpower the prefrontal cortex which is a decision-making part of the brain. The prefrontal cortex is what makes an individual decide to engage in a task. The longer the task is put off, the easier it is for the limbic system to dominate and give instant pleasure feelings which the body and mind prefer. It becomes more satisfying to not do the task because of this limbic system. Because of this, people learn that procrastination feels better in the short term and this can begin to control how or when they choose to perform tasks. Procrastination has been thought to originate from our viral age with all our laptops, and smart phones, and facebook, but that’s not true. Procrastination has been around since ancient Greek and Roman times. The Greek poet Hesiod around the year 800 B. C. , promoted people to avoid procrastination and â€Å"to not put off your work till tomorrow and the day after. † And for the Roman civilization, the consul Cicero called the act of delaying actions â€Å"hateful. † Procrastination is just a part of human nature; we as humans are lazy, we try to find the easy way to do anything, and if we can’t do that, then we think that we’ll just do it tomorrow. But what is work? The definition of work is â€Å"activity involving mental or physical effort done in order to achieve a purpose or result. † Therefore procrastination is tied together mentally and physically. The mental aspect of procrastination leads mostly to school. Procrastination is considered a students worst enemy. Every student encounters the feeling of procrastination once or multiple times either as a bad habit or as a mental disorder. Students go through procrastination without even thinking about it, by putting off the less pleasurable for the more pleasurable. We all encounter the bad feeling of procrastination and wish to stop. We could think of procrastination as a dangerous disease feeding off our productivity. Procrastination begins rapidly as time becomes your worst â€Å"enemy. † Looking at a blank piece of paper for English, a blank document for an essay, or even your other homework leads to laziness. We could think its just a lazy bad habit, but actually we’re procrastinating. What happens next after staring down your blank piece of paper desperately wishing it was done? You â€Å"need† food, a drink, naptime, or even a â€Å"break† from stress so then you make a cup of coffee or something to eat. Before we know it, we watch television for a couple of hours. Then what? The homework didn’t get finished by itself! It’s still there collecting dust â€Å"watching† you procrastinate from this mental disorder or bad habit. Furthermore, procrastination leads into older adolescence which stems off of childhood. People don’t realize how procrastination can affect their lives and frustrate their future self into adulthood. Generally, procrastination through older adolescence is the time of actually knowing if this is a chronic psychological disorder or just a lazy bad habit. Academic procrastination in college students is widespread. Procrastination negatively affects college students which impacts their learning along with overall achievements. When pushing off a task because they may be â€Å"busy† or have a more pleasurable task to do affects their organization of work. Work among college students is not only academic work but also physical job work which is affected too. In addition, the Natural Remedies For Total Health â€Å"Procrastination Explained† by Michael Locklear shows that 95% of college students are trapped by procrastination. The more pleasurable tasks outweigh the challenging tasks that the college students have to do. By doing the more pleasurable task instead of the original task, a delay in preparations for exams or other assessments occurs which is known as â€Å"cramming. † The term cramming is â€Å"bestfriends† with procrastination amongst college students who encounter it. Cramming is when college students wait until the last minute, pulling an â€Å"all-nighter† in order to complete the task they had to do that they’ve already known about and had more than enough time to finish. A study reveals that 75% of college students admit themselves to be procrastinators with half of them stating that they procrastinate on a regular everyday basis. The question amongst college students is that is this just a bad habit? , or is this a chronic psychological mental disorder? Well the answer is that it is a mental disorder that is not quite understood or accepted by many psychologists. For the further future self in adulthood may seem as a bad habit but actually as bad â€Å"habits† continuously happen out of laziness leads to chronic procrastination. This creates stress, depression, and anxiety throughout life which affects ambition to complete tasks due from this disorder. The future self encounters procrastination as a psychological disorder which is associated with perfectionism. The definition of perfectionism is â€Å"refusal to accept any standard short of perfection. † This is tied with procrastination negatively due from postponing tasks because the future self feels pressured to meet their high standards so they put off their task for a more pleasurable task. Procrastination in adulthood is a roadblock to complete fulfillment in all kinds of aspects. One may push aside a building job while others may push aside taxes along with other tasks. Then when the deadline is met, it creates a rush in perfectionism. Studies have shown that procrastinators during their tax returns pay an average over $400 due to errors caused by waiting until the last minute confirmed by HR Block. This concluded with overpayments in the United States government in 2002 by $437 million. This disorder impacts adulthood of individuals which causes a great deal of pressure. As a disorder, overwhelming evidence shows that individuals who wait until the last minute is averagely below 70% of effectiveness towards finalizing their task. Procrastination not only impacts the future self, it also impacts the individuals that are involved. The future self in adulthood as job workers, Christmas shoppers, last-minute tax rushers, individuals who avoid seeking proper medical exams and treatments, teachers, or even scientists encounter procrastination as a bad habit or as a psychological disorder. Procrastination is a serious issue when one encounters it as a bad habit which can be a continuous action leading into the disorder. In many cases, it becomes a threat to the qualities of life towards the future self eating away the time it takes to complete the task. http://sidsavara. com/personal-productivity/procrastination/procrastination-survey-results According to this survey, the results of why individuals procrastinate is about putting things off for a more pleasurable task. The question that many psychologists have is, why do people procrastinate? Is it a bad habit? Is it a disorder? Through the lives of individuals who procrastinate encounter the reasons of no time, it’s just not urgent, don’t feel like it, or not sure what to do. So what then leads for the final answer for procrastination? The number one reason why individuals procrastinate is that they don’t feel like doing the tasks they need to do so they push it off for other favorable tasks. The results of the two graphs indicates for encountering procrastination is about self management. The lack of productivity is often tied with time management along with prioritization. Individuals know that the priority of their task is more important but they would rather do the more favorable task. Individuals know that the task needs to be completed but they don’t feel like doing it. This results with the bad habits or the chronic disorder of procrastination. Mental, emotional, and physical focus is important in order to overcome procrastination. The top four reasons are no time, it’s just not urgent, don’t feel like it, and not sure what to do. When needing to complete a task, time management is very important. Individuals push aside their task due to â€Å"not having time†, which then leads into no ambition to do the task because it’s not urgent. Therefore that’s when the more favorable task is encountered. This creates pressure and stress which is overwhelming because now the question is â€Å"What to do? † in addition of not knowing what to do results in pushing away the task. Then the fulfillment of what the individuals wanted to complete doesn’t happen. As procrastination continuously happens, it results with the question of is it considered a chronic disorder or just a bad habit? Conclusion: Procrastination is a mind game that individuals may encounter of delaying or postponing something for another time. The solution is to outsmart procrastination which is harder to do in order to overcome the bad habit or mental disorder. It’s natural to get overwhelmed by a simple task but the key is to attack the task without pushing it off before procrastination becomes the enemy. Break each part of the task down as if it were to be â€Å"cutting a tree. † Instead of looking at the task as a whole like a â€Å"tree,† cut down the â€Å"branches† first of each part of the task which will fade away the whole part. By taking away the idea of what you can’t do and replacing it with what you can do, it defeats procrastination. Make your view of the task as the quality rather than quantity so being overwhelmed by a task doesn’t occur. Try to use time as your â€Å"bestfriend† instead of an enemy. By doing so, procrastination will fade away by blocking out the more favorable tasks to do after the task is completed. Procrastination is the worst enemy one may encounter and there are many questions that are accumulated with it for further research. Why does procrastination get to me so easily? What makes me a procrastinator? Do I just have a bad lazy habit by pushing off my task or do I have this psychological disorder? This mental disorder is not quite understood or accepted by many psychologists. An individual may encounter procrastination as a bad habit while others encounter it as a mental disorder which will eat away the task before it’s fulfilled. Procrastination is the art of keeping up with yesterday and avoiding today. ’ Wayne Dyer