Assumptions And Key Concepts Of Cognitive Behavioral Theory

Assumptions and Key Concepts of Cognitive Behavioral Theory The philosophy of cognitive behavioral therapy is that â€Å"think and feeling are connected people are creative (Halbur Halbur, 2015, p.47)†. The key aspects of theory are to challenge the irrational beliefs that we hold about ourselves. Aaron Beck the primary founder of cognitive behavior theory assumed that people can control how they feel and what they think. He believed that our inner thoughts and beliefs affected how we are affected on the outside. One of the key concepts is that the client’s dysfunctional thinking can be derived from an erroneous internal process or bias. In the case of Amy, her inner-dialog is telling her that she is not good enough and that she is going nowhere. Her negative self talk is affecting her emotions and feelings. She truly does not believe that anything could go her way. She believes that nothing is going to get better, which is common among people who suffer from depression. Amy most likely feels like no one else feels like she doe s, which is also common with depression. Her assumptions may have even kept her from seeking treatment for so long. She also most likely has the assumption that no matter what she does, she is still going to be a burden on her friends and family. Part of gaining rapport and help Amy will be helping her to challenge her current beliefs. Goals and Therapeutic relationship According to Seligman Reichenberg (2014), the goals of cognitive-behavioralShow MoreRelatedCognitive Theory And Cognitive Theories1211 Words   |  5 PagesCognitive Development Learning Theory which is a theory in the Development Across the Life Span. Development involving the ways that growth and change in intellectual capabilities influence a person or some ones behavior. Major Proponents, Jean Piaget. Physical and Cognitive development tie together in ways and it is important to understand both. 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When strangers encounter for the first time, they are worried about the increasing certainty to make sense of their first communication occurrence even before the actual communication process takes place. When strangers have a first-time occurrence of communicating, their conversation is just trying to make sense of theirRead MoreExamination Of Behavioral Learning Theory919 Words   |  4 Pages Examination of Behavioral Learning Theory Behavioral learning theory encompasses three specific schools of thought, Pavlovian, The Thorndyke School of Thought, and Skinnerism. Behaviorist claimed that only observable â€Å"overt action† (that is, behavior) was worth studying because it’s the only thing we can see, and therefore measure empirically (Peters, 2013). In each of the instructional design examples the behaviorism concept is prevalent. As an example, The Anatomy of A Wind Turbine, TheRead MoreRacism1204 Words   |  5 Pagesreaction to the assigned reading? I really enjoyed this reading in Chapter 9. I related this reading to the work I do in my field practicum as it relates to the cognitive and moral development of human beings and human behaviors. As you already know, I work for Stella Maris, a drug and alcohol treatment facility. We talk a lot about cognitive development and the concerns we have with our clients as it relates to their disease of addiction. We need to know what changes in intelle ctual abilities, mentalRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1591 Words   |  7 Pagesfor GAD includes cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The goal of this treatment is to help the client develop the ability to recognize, eliminate, and correct the dysfunctional assumptions and thoughts being experienced and find coping skills to create new healthy behaviors (Bandelow, Boerner, Kasper, Linden, Wittchen, Moller, 2013). The client who uses CBT for GAD will experience various interventions, which include psychoeducation to inform him or her about the disorder, cognitive strategies toRead MoreThe Biological Model Of Mental Illness1356 Words   |  6 Pagesclinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern that occurs in an individual and involves changes in thinking, emotion, behavior, interpersonal interactions, daily functioning, or a combination. The causes of mental illness are complex and vary depending on the theories associated to the different biological, psychological, and environmental factors. The etiology of mental illness is based on five broad models: biological, psychological, behavioral, cognitive, and social. TheRead MoreBandura s Theory Of Self Efficacy And Skinners Theory975 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion of Adult Learning Theory The two theories that will be discussed in this paper are Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy and Skinners theory of operant conditioning. 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At my field placement at Belmont Behavioral Hospital this year, most of the clients I have come into contact with have either had deaths in their family, or been diagnosed with bipolar disorder, depression, or other diagnoses thatRead MorePersonal Statement On Family Therapy1246 Words   |  5 Pagesassist with behavioral issues in children. A well rounded family service program can not only use this one approach but utilize other approaches to meet the needs of the population being served. And while implementing the service ethics will play a major role in the therapy being providing. Keywords: Family Therpay, Functional Family Therpay.Ethics Compare and Contrast To get a full understanding of family theory one must first have the understanding of what is theory. Theory is a systematic

Socialcultural Influences on Consumer Behavior Free Essays

Sociocultural Influences on Consumer Behavior. Marketing Trey Hampton September 22, 2012 There are lots of influences that take place on what consumers buy, these influences are called sociocultural influences. Sociocultural influences â€Å"involve personal influence, reference groups, family influence, culture, and subculture. We will write a custom essay sample on Socialcultural Influences on Consumer Behavior or any similar topic only for you Order Now †(Kerin, Hartley Rudelius 108) Out of these categories, personal influence seems to have the biggest influence of all on what people buy. â€Å"A consumer’s purchases are often influenced by the views, opinions, or behaviors of others. (Kerin, Hartley Rudelius 108) If it works for others, it will work for me is how this influence works. Two types of influences fall under personal influence, opinion leadership, and word of mouth. People seem to buy what they hear is good, rather than taking a shot in the dark and buying something they know nothing about, this is called word of mouth influence. Companies using celebrities to say their product works and is great is an example of opinion leadership. If someone famous uses it, it must be good! A company that uses personal influence to help sell their products is Gaspari Nutrition (www. Gasparinutrition. com). Gaspari nutrition uses big time champion bodybuilders, such as Flex Lewis, in their advertisement saying I use the product so the consumer believes that taking that product will surely give the same results. Also word of mouth plays a part on their success. At the gym they line the shelves with Gaspari products and the person selling them say â€Å"I take this every day, it gives real results. † However, it is common for people that not like their products and they will tell you how they wasted money on something that doesn’t work. All companies will have good and bad influences on their products, but if the product is good it shall overcome the bad and help the company succeed. Influence is everywhere for the good, or for the bad. People get influenced by seeing someone they idol using the product, or simply hearing how good it is by a friend. Influence has always been around and always will be. It’s a powerful thing that makes or breaks companies today. References: Kerin, Roger A. , Hartley, Steven W. , and Rudelius, William. (2011). Marketing The Core. (4th edition). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin How to cite Socialcultural Influences on Consumer Behavior, Essay examples

Finance and Mortgage Broking System

Queston: Discuss about the Finance and Mortgage Broking System. Answer: Introduction It is of great essence for Fergus and Natalie to know the exact process of purchase of their property and to know the exact constraints to do so. They need to get adequate sources of funds in order to purchase their respective property. Based on this, they need to know the process of acquiring a financial loan in order to purchase their respective property. Loans and mortgage can be considered as a source of fund for every individual. With the help of financial loan, Fergus and Natalie can fulfill their financial needs with the help of these sources of funds. However, both of them need to disclose all their assets and liabilities in order to claim the services of financial loan. Apart from this, it is of great essence for both of them to disclose their exact financial status (Liu 2015). If they failed to do so, then, they cannot claim the services of financial loan. Apart from this, they also keep a check on the trending interest rates, based on which they can claim the services of the given loan. Different options available There are several options available for both Fergus and Natalie in order to select the best form of financial loan. They can opt for financial loan against some form of mortgage or they can use cash security as a deposit. However, the best alternative for them is to have a mortgage of their property against this loan. This may be considered as risky; however, it can help them to meet their liquid expenses like payment of interest of loan (De Silva et al. 2015). Procedure to commence for a loan The first and foremost step is that the clients need to collect an application for loan from their respective financial institution. Apart from this, they need to provide all their respective documents along with their application form. After that, they need to wait for their respective approval for loan. If their loan is approved, they need to collect all the valid information, like terms and conditions, time of interest payment from the respective financial institution. The primary responsibility of the clients Fergus and Natalie is to provide all the necessary documents to their financial institution, while acquiring the loan. Apart from this, they should not provide any false or miss-leading supporting documents that may cancel their application. The state revenue may come from the interest payment that Fergus and Natalie will pay against their financial loan. The clients can use their property in any matter they want. They have full leverage to do so. However, they cannot sell their property without clearing off their loan payments (Morgan, Regis and Salike 2015). Conclusions It is recommended that the clients should have a clear idea of the entire process of acquiring their property. They need to disclose all the financial information. By doing this, they can acquire their property within a specified period and fulfill all their respective objectives. References De Silva, A.J., Boymal, J., Potts, J. and Thomas, S., 2015. The Residential Mortgage (De) regulationInnovation nexus. Dietrich, A., 2016. What Drives the Gross Margins of Mortgage Loans? Evidence from Switzerland. Journal of Financial Services Research, 50(3), pp.341-362. Liu, H., 2015. Constructing the GFC: Australian banking leaders during the financial crisis. Leadership, 11(4), pp.424-450. Morgan, P., Regis, P.J. and Salike, N., 2015. Loan-to-Value Policy as a Macroprudential Tool: The Case of Residential Mortgage Loans in Asia. Ozel, B., Nathanael, R.C., Raberto, M., Teglio, A. and Cincotti, S., 2016. Macroeconomic implications of mortgage loans requirements: an agent based approach (No. 2

Thalasemmia Essay Research Paper Over 2000000 American free essay sample

Thalasemmia Essay, Research Paper Over 2,000,000 American # 8217 ; s are bearers of the familial trait for Thalassemia, a fatal blood disease. It is besides the most common individual cistron upset in the universe. This disease which prevents normal hemoglobin production in the blood, is curently uncurable, and until late merely allow its victim unrecorded no longer so the first decennary of their life. Thalassemia is a serious familial disease that afflicts kids and grownups all around the universe. In order to understand Thalassemia, one must understand the physiolgy of blood. Blood, the bearer of nutrition and waste in our organic structures, contains a protein called haemoglobin. Hemoglobin is entirely responsible for the conveyance of O from the lungs to cells through out the organic structure. It is imperative that haemoglobin is readily avaible in the blood to guarantee cells can work decently. There are three types of haemoglobin. One is Hemoglobin A, which is the most prevailing in grownups. We will write a custom essay sample on Thalasemmia Essay Research Paper Over 2000000 American or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hemoglobin A is composed of two alpha hematohistons and two beta hematohistons. There are two mior haemoglobins names A2 and F. Hemoglobin A2 is composed of 2 alpha and two delta hematohistons. Finally, haemoglobin F, predominatntly found in babies, is composed of 2 alpha hematohistons and 2 gamma hematohistons. In a normal human being the hematohistons that do up haemoglobin would be produced at certain times in a human # 8217 ; s life. Initially, while it is a foetus, the homo would incorporate high sums of haemoglobin F, and therefore be bring forthing alpha and gamma hematohistons in bulk. However one time a babe is born, gamma hematohiston production beads and is countered by beta hematohiston production, therefore leting hemoglobin A to be created. Delta globins besides increase one time a homo is turning but they are instead insignificantly low in Numberss. In a thalassaemia patient, the cistrons that code for the production of certain globlins are either mutated or destroyed. This misinformation in the familial codification, leads to an unnatural ratio of hematohistons go forthing excessively many odd hematohistons and the look of thalassaemia. In thalamessia, normally one type of hematohistons is produced at normal degrees while is brace is non. The hematohiston produced in normal degrees and those that do non becom paired for ruddy cell sums which prove to be harmful to ruddy blood cells. These aggregrates, destruct the cell membrance of atoms which leads to hemolysis, the devastation of ruddy cells, or eeythropoices, the unnatural growing of ruddy blod cells. The sum at which these ruddy cell aggregrates and the belongingss of them specify which type and the serverity of thalassaemia a patient has.

Literary Criticism of A Lesson Before Dying Essays

Literary Criticism of A Lesson Before Dying Essays Literary Criticism of A Lesson Before Dying Paper Literary Criticism of A Lesson Before Dying Paper Essay Topic: A Lesson Before Dying Thesis: The relationship that develops between Jefferson and Wiggins forms the emotional core of the novel. The force of A Lesson before Dying is a result of the dialogue that Gaines poignantly renders between the demoralized prisoner and the disheartened school teacher. Support Do you see anyone here who could plan a murder, a robbery, can plancan plancan plan anything? A cornered animal to strike quickly out of fear, a trait inherited from his ancestors in the deepest Jungle of blackest Africayes, yes, that he can dobut to plan? To plan, gentlemen of the Jury? No, gentlemen, this skull here holds no plans. What you see here is a thing that acts on command. A thing to hold the handle of a plow, a thing to load your bales of cotton, a thing to dig your ditches, to chop your wood, to pull your corn. That is what you see here, but you do not see anything capable of planning a robbery or a murder. (7-8) She is determined, in the months her godson has left to live, to convince him of his humanity: l dont want them to kill no hog, she [says]. l want a man to go to that chair, on his own two feet' (13). Only as a changed man, the text implies, can Wiggins himself become a catalyst for social equality through education. Gainess narrative also points to the role that language can assume in symbolic enslavement and in freedom. Jefferson is able to recognize his humanity through writing (Wiggins has provided him with a tablet and pencil). Freedom through literacy is a primary trope in the African American expressive tradition. Henry Louis Gates, in his vernacular theory The Signifying Monkey (1988), argues that the first inscription of this trope is found in African American slave arratives, wherein the slave wrote to demonstrate his or her own membership in the human community (Gates 128). Gaines signifies on this African American tradition, powerfully creating, through Jefferson, a countertext. It is through the act of writing that Jefferson is able to fulfill his godmothers wish that he die with dignity. With subtle prose that belies the complexity of the narrative, Gaines chronicles two mens Journey to self wortha symbolic transformation which encourages the reader to reconsider the qualities that characterize a hero embarrassing moment By robincccc

A Passage to India by Forster Essay Example for Free

‘A Passage to India’ by Forster Essay ? â€Å"By close analysis of the structure and language of chapter one discuss how Forster expresses his overall concerns within the novel as a whole via this initial description of the Indian landscape.† Through chapter one of ‘A Passage to India’ Forster does far more than introduce the small town of Chandrapore. In this initial section of the novel the construction of the text reflects the tiered Indian society that becomes the basis for Forster’s deeper exploration of mankind and human behaviour. In addition, the ominous significance of the Marabar Caves within the novel is prefigured via the mysterious imagery used to describe them. This is contrasted by the more optimistic language which is used to describe the ‘overarching sky’ that unifies all men and points towards a hope for the future of peaceful co-existence. At the beginning of the chapter the reader is first introduced to the Muslim aspect of Chandrapore, the lowest tier of the Indian society but perhaps the most resilient. Here what Adela will later refer to as the ‘Real India’ is depicted. Through vivid imagery the area appears akin to a wasteland devoid of any significance. Even the holy river Ganges is described as â€Å"Trailing for a couple of miles†¦scarcely distinguishable from the rubbish it deposits so freely.† It is negative language such as this that creates a compounding sense of desolation about the ‘Real India.’ This of course is entirely necessary in order for Forster to create and convey the contrast between the Indian and English cultures which he believes to be incompatible in this context. Graphic and harsh language permeates the whole of this first section of the chapter creating a highly effective image of the squalor in which the Mohammedan Indians are condemned to live by their English rulers. The streets are â€Å"Mean† the â€Å"Temples ineffective† and the â€Å"Filth† of alleyways deters all but the invited guest.† By describing their quarter in such a way Forster makes the Muslim Indian seem almost sub-human to his readers, this of course, is how they are viewed by the English. They are remarked upon as â€Å"Low† but also as â€Å"Indestructible.† Despite their apparent lack of sophistication, the way in which, â€Å"The general outline of the town persists† comes to reflect the similar way in which the Muslim culture, although suppressed by the English, is based upon strong foundations of religious devotion and an inextinguishable spirit. Forster describes them as â€Å"Swelling here†¦shrinking there† and by doing so creates a very evocative image which captures perfectly the way in which the Indian race move ‘en-mass’ and in harmony, united in their angst to recapture their homeland. As Forster remarks, â€Å"Inland the prospect alters† and the Eurasian, Anglo-India described in the second section of the passage could not present a more stark contrast to that of Islamic Chandrapore. Here the houses belonging to the Eurasians â€Å"Stand on high ground† an important symbol which reflects the way in which the English believe themselves to be above the Indian race both morally and intellectually. It is this attitude of ignorance and racial superiority which will be developed and scathingly criticised by Forster as the novel progresses. Indeed it could be argued that humanity’s unwillingness to understand one another is the underlying theme behind the whole text and that in reality Adela and Mrs. Moore’s passage to India is in fact a deeper analogy for a more complex passage of mankind towards understanding itself. On a second rise of land lies the â€Å"Little civil station.† As the focal point for Eurasian society it is remarked that, â€Å"From here†¦Chandrapore appears to be a totally different place.† This observation encapsulates the way in which the station and its social club both seem to be isolated from the rest of India. Immersed in a fantasy world of British high society the station itself is described as, â€Å"Provoking no emotion† and â€Å"Sensibly planned.† This epitomises the logical mindset of the English, which deeply contrasts that of the spiritual Indian and highlights how even at a simple level of human understanding harmony is not possible between the two cultures creating the â€Å"Muddle† which is colonial India. Britain’s attitude of imposing herself upon other nations, typical of this time period before partition, is something heavily attacked by Forster. Throughout the text he is seen to criticise England replicated in India because to him this is unnatural and false. During the entirety of this second section of the passage Forster adopts a tone of negativity towards the English. Their section of Chandrapore is described as, â€Å"Sharing nothing with the rest of the city except the overarching sky† conveying the way in which they consciously isolate themselves from the Indians. In the overall context of the novel this image becomes very important. As gradually relations between the two races come to deteriorate the sky comes to be the only unifying element between Indian and Englishman. Further more, the way in which the image is echoed throughout the text seems to suggest the existence of a more powerful presence beyond man both physically and in terms of significance within the universe. It is Forster’s belief that ultimately the petty quarrels of man are meaningless in such a vast entity. The final section of the chapter is used by Forster to expand on the concept of the overarching sky. It is described as having a â€Å"Persistent blue core† the stars â€Å"Hanging like lamps from the immense vault† which is the sky and it is elevated imagery such as this which comes to symbolise a hope for the future of mankind. In contrast to the â€Å"muddle† and â€Å"misunderstanding† which covers India and the rest of the earth, the sky instead represents an element which unifies all men. Its persistence represents a hope that one day all the problems of man explored within the novel will pale into insignificance. It could be argued the description of the sky evokes an atmosphere akin to that of the Hindu religion. Forster remarks, â€Å"The sky settles everything† and indeed to Godbole and his fellow Hindus this is to a certain degree true. The unanswerable questions, the answers to which are sought by both Muslim and Christian are left to be pondered by Godbole. He seeks to answer questions about his own spiritual existence and the natural world around him. As a result his passage within the novel becomes one of progression as opposed one to of retreat as is experienced by Aziz and Fielding. The Chapter ends with a final short image of the mysterious Marabar caves. All around â€Å"League after league the earth lies flat,† yet in the south, â€Å"A group of fists and fingers are thrust up through the soil.† These fingers are the ‘Marabar hills’ and seem to point mysteriously towards the heavens above. The way in which they seem to separate themselves from their earthly surroundings suggests an equally unearthly presence about them. This of course will be proved true by the supernatural and inexplicable violation which Adela experiences within their walls. Dark and devoid of humanity they represent an aspect of India that the logical English will never be able to conquer. Therefore it is possible to conclude that the first Chapter of ‘A Passage to India’ can be regarded as a template for the novel as a whole. Almost all of Forster’s overall concerns are indicated by its content and it is clear that the varied description of the Indian landscape comes to symbolise differences between those who inhabit the land. This disjointed construction of society will only increase as the novel progresses ultimately leading to the personal retreat of the novel’s two main characters, Aziz and Fielding whom are unable to stand out as individuals and trapped within the confines of their own cultures. It will be only the deeply spiritual Godbole who is shown to have made any real progress via his own ‘Passage to India’ and of course Mrs. Moore, who despite her death becomes a symbol for hope by the way in which she is revered as a Hindu Goddess. â€Å"A Passage to India† – E.M. Forster Classic notes – www.classicnotes.com ‘A Passage to India’ by Forster. (2017, Jul 10).

Strategic leadership in a changing world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic leadership in a changing world - Essay Example In this regard, while the classical approach to strategic management remains a highly relevant issue, it is through aligning the goals and vision of the business with the changes in the competition, market, and global society that the company is able to truly thrive in its industry. In this light, I wish to divide my discussion into four basic parts. The first part will be devoted for a short review on the unchanging relevance of formulating business strategy. To further deepen the discussion, I intend to infuse Michael Porter’s lectures on competitive advantage and its role in ensuring a strong positioning in the industry. The second part will widen the definitions of business strategy by introducing the concepts of internal and external stakeholders; of current, competitive, and emerging markets; and of cultural and socio-political environments. The last part will then focus on the individual understanding of the two authors on the need for an innovative and creative workfor ce. This part, specifically, will bolster on: (1) the role of inspiring and highly-motivating leaders; and (2) the concept of effective communication as the fuel for big changes in the company. ... Through this definition, we are able to highlight the two crucial concepts in strategic management. The first banks on the process of analyzing the company’s values, mission, and vision; of leaders creating strategic decisions on its overarching business goals based on an in-depth understanding of its internal structure and a holistic view of the industry where it participates in; and of specific business units taking actions as summarized in the company’s business strategy (Gregory et. al, 2005). On the other hand, the second concept deals with the need to outperform the competition. Michael Porter echoes this position as he discusses strategic management as primarily aimed at radically differentiating one’s company from its competitors in a manner that is sustainable and ‘copy-proof’ (Porter, n.d.). To Jorgensen (2008), however, Michael Porter’s main perspective on strategic management as creating differentiated positioning must not be divor ced from the ideas of understanding the dynamics of the industry and the development of a lasting competitive advantage. In this regard, it can be claimed that Porter’s work entitled Competitive Strategy (1980) has provided significant teachings on the rationale behind knowing one’s industry well. In this work, not only did Porter integrate the concepts of micro- and macro-economics in the management of businesses, he was also able to introduce the forces that shape the nature of one’s industry. Popularly named The Five Forces, Porter was able to not only highlight the status of competition, as well as the strengths of buyers and suppliers in assessing the viability of securing a strong position in the industry, he was also able to reinforce the emerging significance of barriers to entry and threats of

The Last of the Founders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Last of the Founders - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that  unknown to her, she was invoking the Preamble when she honored the soldiers after each battle won since is it an action of common defense.   Isn’t it an act of promoting general welfare when she mobilized the society who contributed their own funds to reestablish Washington, the seat of the government, when it was destroyed by the enemies?   In effect she was demonstrating domestic tranquility when she tried to unite political parties by throwing parties bringing together two opposing political parties; introducing social etiquette and protocol included.   In renovating the White House she wanted every Americans to take pride of it; because to her, the White House is the representation of authority, and a common defense.  Ã‚  This paper outlines that  Dolley Madison had every right to be called the â€Å"last founders† because she put into practice the idealism prescribed in the Constitution long before it was penned in to law.   She created symbolic ties that brought the government closer to the lives of people which were never done before.   To me, she has earned that right to be called the Last Founder as she instituted manners and behaviors as a way to regulate human society and government.  Thomas Jefferson, for one, her husband’s predecessor, disliked the meddling of women in politics and those others who were settled that women should not indulge in politics and should stay as domestics.  ... To me, she has earned that right to be called the Last Founder as she instituted manners and behaviors as a way to regulate human society and government. Criticisms on this move favored her since it was said, â€Å"laws might regulate behaviors, but manners formed the heart and the mind† (Allgor’s Parlor Politics, p 55). It was theorized that this was extremely necessary, since manners played a crucial role in civilizing a society. However, there are those who would not agree on this. Thomas Jefferson, for one, her husband’s predecessor, disliked the meddling of women in politics and those others who were settled that women should not indulge in politics and should stay as domestics. This could practically be correct, because women at those times were denied of their rights. Others viewed it as the Scottish Enlightenment would say, that the presence of women in politics would confuse men, and that in some instances, contradict men’s ideas (Allgor’s Parlor Politics, p.55). Still others, particularly, the Anti-Federalists view the participation of ladies would introduce the government in a monarchy system, and would encourage the rise of aristocracy wherein ruling becomes a center of fashion. Dolley lived during the era of highly gendered world. Thus men were frightened of the â€Å"creeping monarchy† that would endanger both men and women†. Women were depicted with excessive longings for dresses and manner, thus it was said â€Å"the natural tie with women would sap the masculine vigor of the young Republic†,(Allgor’s Parlor Politics, p.55 ) and so therefore the title â€Å"last founder† does not describe of her. The Anti-Federalist viewed Madison’s presidency as a rising monarch. Everyone viewed this as a

The affect of the Mexican Revolution Essay Example for Free

The affect of the Mexican Revolution Essay Francisco Bollain y Goitia Garcia (1882-1960) is a prominent Mexican artists of the XX century, who has been almost forgotten for decades and is now rediscovered. His works are rather complicated for perception and they can hardly be called pleasant, for Goitia concentrated on the most homely aspects of the world around him, demonstrating the fatality of revolution and violent changes in the most shocking way. This paper is to investigate two of his famous paintings – Zacatecas Landscape with Hanged Men I and Zacatecas Landscape with Hanged Men II. The paper is to demonstrate the style and manner of painting, as well as compare those pictures with works of other Mexican painters of the time such as Jose Clemente Orozco and Victor Augustin Cassasola. Some biographical data about Goitia is necessary to understand his works, so the paper shall open with a short biographic reference about the artist. Francisco Goitia was born in the Mexican state of Zacatecas. Being a talented artist since his early years he studied in the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City and than in Barcelona with the Spanish artist Francisco Gali. Upon return to his home country in 1912 he has found it being wasted by the revolution. Having occupied the position of official painter for General Angel of Pancho Villas army he had an ability to observe war and it’s consequences with his own eyes. The experience influenced Goitia’s works greatly and his paintings are now examples of uncovered brutality and dread. There were even claims that Goitia ordered to exhume executed soldiers and hang them on cactuses as models for his pictures so it is hard to say how much in his paintings comes from real facts and how much from artificial staging of his morbid fantasies. Goitia has never worked with monumental forms so characteristic for Mexican art of the time. His canvases remained inside realism, impressionism and to a great extent symbolism, so he never became so popular as Diego Rivera or Jose Orozco. His last years passed in self-imposed poverty, but still he was quite a famous painter inside Mexico since early 20-s. In recent years his works became of interest for scholars outside Mexico as well. Both landscapes of Zacatecas (I and II) were painted most probably in 1914, although the exact date is unknown. They are both variations about the same topic: a bleak depressive landscape with half-dissolved corpses of hanged men on the trees. Both pictures were drawn from nature. Goitia knew this terrain well since he himself was born in Zacatecas, so he takes almost an intimate and affected position towards the scene. The landscape is typical for northern Mexico – it includes grey and yellow desert land with hills on the horizon and yuccas growing everywhere. The men hanged on the trees seem to their parts – so â€Å"naturally† they are tied to the branches. Most of the researchers point biblical analogies in the first painting for the landscape is so bleak that it reminds Golgotha. The analogy becomes even stronger for Goitia called his series of paintings about revolution â€Å"martyrdoms†. Goitia has been in the army of Pancho Villa in 1914 when he has captured the capital city of Zacatecas. Being both fascinated and frightened by that what he has seen he started feeling that his mission was to record the epic events of the revolution for history. As he himself put it â€Å"I went everywhere with the army, observing. I did not carry any weapons because I knew that the mission of killing was not mine† . Among the things Goitia has witnessed was death of general Lazaro Gomez, who has been repulsing enemy attacks auntill he ran out of ammunition and shot to his back after being taken prisoner. The body of the general has been beheaded and hanged on a tree with his head replaced with the head of a steer. It is believed that exactly death of Gomez inspired Goitia to paint his Zacatecas Landscape with Hanged Men I, although he used bodies of simple soldiers as â€Å"models†. So the first variant of the painting can really be considered a record of actual events, although Goitia did not concentrate on the death of a particular man, but aimed to show the series of deaths in Zacatecas. The most obvious difference between two variants of paintings is the manner in which they are drawn and involvement of the spectator. Zacatecas I still looks like a â€Å"real† classical painting with obvious elements attributable to artistic form including shape, symmetry, movement and rhythm. The background plays an active role in the picture and the bodies of the hanged look simply like the bodies of the hanged. They are horrible and shocking, but at least â€Å"natural†. Perhaps Goitia was not satisfied with the artistic effect of the first painting, so in the second variant he made it more impressive and less realistic . This was necessary to strike the audience in the necessary way. In the second painting two dead bodies are absolute centre of the compositions, and their empty eyeholes are pointed directly ad the spectator, as if they were looking at him. The position of the bodies creates an impression of surrealistic â€Å"gates† to the dreadful reality of death and grief. Death and it’s triumph are key points of the picture. The first variant is painted with oil on canvas and the second one looks more like a touchy pencil drawing, which has later been colored. To make his second painting even more symbolic Goitia replaced usual terrain of Zacatecas with surrealistic vision of deadly symbolism. In Zacatecas Landscape with Hanged Men II the trees seem to come out from gothic descriptions of Poe as they are gnarled and lifeless being painted with pale cold colors. Skulls of animals on the ground once more stress that death is a true master of the stage. The only living creatures on the second painting are owls – traditional symbols of night and forerunners of death. They create a ghostly atmosphere of the scene. Bodies are waved to different sides paralleling the braches they hang on, so they seem to be blown by different winds. White sun in the grey skies creates an image of omen. The general impression from the first picture is that Goitia painted that what he has seen and the second picture is undoubtedly a manifesto of his views, in which he tried to impress the observers by shocking view of horrifying images. As it has been already mentioned, the paintings belong to Goitia’s revolutionary period when he worked as a painter of Mexican federal army. The revolution in Mexico lasted from 1910 till 1917. Some scholars believe that Cristero rebellion of 1926-1929 was also a part of the revolution, so revolutionary events lasted in Mexico for almost two decades. Goitia’s paintings are images of that what virtually every Mexican of the time has once experienced, and this is perhaps the main reason why Goitia is so popular in Mexico and less famous outside its borders. It is hard to say for sure whether Goitia was an active supporter of the revolution or just followed the army as a chronicler. His later memoirs seem to support the second point of view – Goitia remained an artist but not a revolutionary throughout his travels after the army. The manner of paintings and their impression also correspond to the version. He has never painted any picture in which he would admire revolution, but both paintings seem rather to blame its barbarity. The manner of Goitia’s painting reminds the most famous apocalyptic pictures such as Triumph of Death by Peter Breugel, descriptions of war by Goya or Picasso’s Guernica. Most of the revolutionary painters glorify its triumphs and view it as a way to the new world. Goitia has chosen to demonstrate the horrifying â€Å"side effects† of progressive social upheavals. This was enough for him to be considered one of the sharpest critics of revolution in art. He explained that: â€Å"You see that it is natural that circumstances have made my temperament more inclined to the profound. There is a great deal of sadness in this country and I have tried to sum a certain phase of it† . Such Goitia’s insights are rather unusual for Mexico of the time, where revolution became almost a national idea, reflected in numerous artworks. This includes frescos by Diego Rivera or monumental modernist paintings of Jose Clemente Orozco. Mexican artists of the time shared different views of the revolution but there was one common thing for all of them – for them revolution was a magnificent event, a high tide of spirit and will, but in no way a vision of death and destruction. For example Diego Rivera was an incandescent Trotskyist, absolutizing the idea of global revolution and idealizing Trotsky as its dramatic leader. Orozco is a more complicated case for he was interested more in changes that revolution would cause in human minds and in the society. Still his art stands closer to the supporters of revolution as he used expressive modernist techniques being a revolutionary artist by his mere nature. And another common point of Rivera and Orozco is that they both are working with â€Å"objective reality† using artistic means to make the spectator impressed by this reality . In contrast, Goitia’s paintings are full of his own attitudes and they allow the spectator to make his. Revolutionary artists provided only one view, Goitia allowed the audience to chose. Although it is hard to find a â€Å"colleague† for Goitia between painters, such â€Å"colleague† still existed among photographers. Augustin Casasola in fact worked for the newspapers, but he would remain a usual reporter in case his pictures were not full of artistic sense, making them close to Goitia’s graphic works. As the revolution spread along Mexico Casasola established his own agency to provide home and foreign press with photographs of the event. Working as an independent photographer he was able to use his talent in full. he concentrated on all aspects of the revolution showing both victories and, like Goitia, the unattractive sides. He has also gathered a large collection of images of revolutionary individuals – from officers to peasants in their surroundings. Like Goitia his manner has been characterized by psychological dramatics and involvement of the spectator to the picture . Warlike and revolutionary art is always popular because there are always lots of people who are ready to admire the triumph of spirit and epic deeds. Less popular is art that shows the another side of war and revolution – death and destruction. To show this side the painter needs to be much more talented and avoid being just a thrilling entertainment. For this reason only a few painters became great after painting atrocities of war. Goitia is perhaps not so famous as Goya, but his works are deeply original.For this reason he is now being rediscovered and investigated by art historians worldwide. Works Cited: 1. Dore Ashton. (1999) Mexican Art of the Twentieth Century. In The 20th Century Art Book. ed. by Editors of Phaidon Press 2. Jacqueline Barnitz (2001) Twentieth-Century Art of Latin America University of Texas Press 3. Latin American Painting available at: http://www. chicagomanualofstyle. org/tools_citationguide. html (last accessed: November 19, 2007) 4. Viva Casasola! http://emiliobrizzi. blogspot. com/2007/03/viva-casasola. html (last accessed: November 19, 2007)

My Invisible Gay Culture Essay -- First Person Narrative Examples

   Unlike an African American because of their skin color, or an Asian because of their distinctive features, or even an Australian because of their accent, my culture is invisible. When I walk into a room my culture is not, from my appearance, apparent to others. The dialect of my culture is not orally distinctive. For the majority of my life, thus far, my own family was unaware of who I am and what I believe my culture to be. Yet, as secretive as this may seem, I still share my culture with millions of invisible others. We partake in days of celebration, moments of fear, the hatred of a nation, but the love of a community. We are men, women, liberal, conservative, Hispanic, Jewish, black, atheist, Christian, republican, democrat, pro-life, and pro-choice. We live in every neighborhood, in every city, of every country all around the world. I myself am white, female and English (with some German flair that I get from my stepfather). I have values, dreams, convictions, and disappointment s all my own, as does each person within this culture. The only common denominator shared between everyone in my culture is that we are all GAY.    My high school was newly built school and had every modem accessory available. The school had an auditorium large enough to front a Broadway play and a swimming pool grand enough for the summer Olympics. What it lacked was diversity. My graduating class of 1988 had one African American and one Asian. That's it. No Hispanics or Native Americans. But, my sophomore year I discovered that within the walls of our school existed several "invisible others."    Our school had a news crew that investigated stories and then brought them to the student body every week. One afternoon while I was watching ... ...redity, prenatal development, childhood experiences, and cultural worlds in varying combinations. It is not what identifies me, but it is a blanket of understanding of who I am.    When asked by a fellow student what my culture was I said that I would be writing about my gay culture. They responded with a jealous, "Wow, You're lucky. You'll have a lot to write about." Am I lucky? I was able to write about persecution, exile, imprisonment and murder. I was able to draw from my own experience of fear, oppression and uncertainty. But this is all history, the past. Gay and Lesbian people first demanded the right to be left alone, and then more recently, the right to be included, their love and relationships accepted and validated. This is the future and what I fight for daily as I live my life with confidence and pride. So yes, that person was right. I am lucky.

Studying English Language

1. Studying English language in an English-speaking country is the best but not the only way to learn the language. Do you agree or disagree with this statement. Some people believe that the students have to go abroad to study English while other people claim that beside learning English in an English-speaking country, there are a number of ways to study this language. I am strongly persuaded by the latter idea by the following reasons. First of all, it cannot be denied that learning English in an English-speaking country have many advantages.While overseas, students will have opportunities to practice listening and speaking with British people, which is conducive to the development in using language. Moreover, by dint of living in foreign countries, students can also experience the culture first-hand (have first-hand experience in foreign culture), which is a great help when trying to understand the language. For example, living with the native family will provide the students oppor tunities to discover about new cultures and customs. Besides this, if student attend language full time, teachers will be native speakers.In that case, not only will student’ speaking and listening skills improve but the attention can be given to develop reading and writing skills. However, the fact has shown that, most students in non-English-speaking countries often study English at secondary schools, sometimes at universities. Although the spoken English is not usually of a very high standard, the knowledge in grammar is often quite advanced, which will be good basics to perfect language ability in the future. It is obvious that the more technical science upgraded the more ways students can approach the knowledge worldwide without going abroad.Equally important, learning English basics at secondary school is much less stressful than studying language while overseas. The statistics have shown that students’ living at home does not have to worry about troubles such as finding accommodation, paying for their study and living cost and trying to survive in a foreign country where day to day the living course much stress. In brief, while going abroad is a good way to approach the native language, studying at home also become more and more useful to enhance the English abilities especially in the basic skills.

PSY Assignment

I think that more than half of the student population at accredited u enlistees have tallest tried a drug that would enhance their focus for the sake of doing well In one of more classes. Step 2: (Hypothesis): The hypothesis Is that more than half of the student population at credited universities have used a performance or cognitive enhancer to do well In one of more classes.Step 3 (Predictions): Possible outcomes for this experiment is that 1) None of the stud .NET are aging performance or cognitive enhancing drugs 2) None of the students are admit Eng to taking performance or cognitive enhancing drugs 3) All or some students will admit to taking g performance or cognitive enhancing Step 4 (Research Method): For this experiment it would be best to do an Survey.A sure very would allow the participants to remain anonymous if they wish to do so and this mix HTH also incline them to be more honest. Step 5 (Subject population) : Age: 1823, Gender: Both male and female, Education: underg raduate and/ or In an undergraduate program, Location: University of Arizona, Arizona State university and Northern State University.Today a research method benefits me because It helps me understand how to proper lay collect and record data to find the results of any question that I want the answer to. With the psychology research method It Is easier to effectively test subjects while upholding all the ethical guldens set by the American Psychological Escalation (PAP). Since all the steps are easy to fool low as of today feel that I can successfully pick a topic that I want to research and find an NAS were to it.

Analytical Paper Essay Example

Analytical Paper Essay Example Analytical Paper Essay Analytical Paper Essay Essay Topic: Analytical As stated in First Generations: Women in Colonial America, women werent often allowed many rights that were given to men freely at the time. Women in colonial times in the Chesapeake, for example, were treated as second-class citizens, but mainly they were married. The only time when these men seemed to accept a woman with freedom was if she was a widow. Men such as John Winthrop were outraged by ideas such as a woman educating a man on or coming to her own conclusions about scripture. This was presumably because It threatened the way of life In which men were in all but omelet religious, political, and monetary control. Men In this period were known to listen to their wives advice on certain matters, but even their opinions then were little more than Just that In the ears of colonial men. This Is a slightly less subjugated example, however, than that of the New England woman: who, as Berlin states on page 27, No position she held within the family was ever characterized by autonomy. This particular line got my attention because of how blatant the statement is. In the middle colonies, however, women may have been considered to have more freedoms, at least when it came to the work force. It is made clear that the women in Indian tribes were held in a better societal place, less one of being understated and quiet, more liberal. Women often did not Involve themselves In politics, but they talked about them. Their positions, as captive Mary Jimson (mentioned on page 61 recounted, were not any more repetitious than the chores that filled a colonial housewifes days. And Seneca women, unlike English wives and daughters, were not slaves to the spinning wheel or the needle. In summer, the women went out each morning to the fields, accompanied by their children Page 61) On page 62, Berlin states Iroquois women had primacy over the tribes in their control over the food supply. They could also hold positions of power in the tribes, if their claim was thought to be enough to override gender separation. This was made more difficult in the colonies, shown clearly by the general absence of even widowed women from courts, ministry, and office. These differences clearly identify se veral examples of why, in my opinion, a colonial woman might choose their captors way of life over their own. Colonial women were under spoken and had little o no familial, religious, or legal power, and In my opinion Is It easy to see why this way of life could become tedious, miserable, or even scary for these women. The women In some Indian tribes, at least, led less tedious and subjugated lives. If a woman was captured, and was then later able to lead a normal female role in Indian society, It Is apparent Tanat tenure were reasons tens cool a De appealing too woman from the colonies. These reasons include a higher degree of freedom from a much more boring, servant-like way of life. On page 102, the Quakers seemed to have seen he double-standards that were imposed against women, and how it contradicted their beliefs, prompting them to leave and live separately. It is also my understanding that Quaker women even became ministers at times. Also on page 102 it is noted that the Dutch had to leave behind a tradition of gender equality; and, at least in their colony, religious toleration; because of the British takeover of the Dutch colony. The colonial womans way of life can be considered by people today as second-class. Whereas the women in some Indian societies had roles which were less restricted ND more productive, which, in my opinion can serve to make people feel better about themselves. They also had more control in society with the Native Americans, apart from having slightly more over their own lives. Their capture, for women in the colonies, made possible the comparison between the way of life they had already lived, and the one that they might have with the Native Americans. It is my opinion that the differences that captured colonial women saw and/or experienced caused many to go back, or stay with, their Native American captors. The African women who ere slaves in the British colonies still had the most difficult of lives, because not only were they lifelong slaves, but their children were born into it as well. To summarize, it is my belief that if some women chose to live with the Indians who once held them captive, they made this decision based on the comparisons of the two very different ways of life. They chose to go back because they saw freedoms with the Native American tribes that werent allowed to women in the colonies. Examples of these freedoms include more political leverage, control over the food supply (in some tribes), and freedom to speak of religion.

Behaviouralism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Behaviouralism - Essay Example All throughout its short history, behaviouralism and the definitions appended to it had always caused disagreements and confusion. Waldo for instance, stated that the even the concept itself emerged as confounding and vague.2 Easton admitted that those who endeavoured to define the idea only strove to bestow it his own personal definition3 and concluded that it was useless to classify behaviouralism using a definite categorization system4. A similar warning has been put forth by David Truman who argued that those who generalise the definition of behaviouralism commit blunders, as the concept was a rebellion against orthodox methodologies utilised in the study of politics.5 This is the difficulty in interpreting the meaning of behaviouralism, since authorities, to whom we can always base our interpretations, on this concept abound.6 The confusion brought about by the definition or the lack of it, led many to contend that behaviouralism did not seem to exist, at all. ... dedness'.7 The term itself became more associated with various scholars, majority of them Americans, who showed disappointment on the achievements of orthodox political science, which based its study on history, philosophy and the 'descriptive-institutional approach'.8 These 'rebels' in the field asserted that other approach could either subsist or could be advanced in order to assist political science in providing it empirical methodology and systematic theories which would employ close, direct and 'rigorously controlled observations of political events'.9 At this time, the concept of political behaviour became more familiar after Charles E. Merriam initiated the call for research in this field. The call also included those involved in the study of political behaviour referred to as 'behaviouralists' although there were those who were more comfortable being labelled with the expression 'behaviourist'.10 However, David Easton insisted that it was significant to discriminate the 'beha viouralists' from the 'behaviourists'.11 The development of the concept spread more rapidly near the end of the 1940's and the start of the 50's, its period of rapid emergence and propagation. American political scientists of the era began to draw their theories and thoughts on these experiences. 12 Writings and literature on the subject continued to appear in the first half of the 20th century.13 In his book, Dwight Waldo first used the word 'behaviouralism' in the introductory text but there existed a few who used it much earlier. Scholars and political scientists began to use the expression more widely after 1956.14 However, the concept became more popular as more works appeared in that era in which the term 'behaviouralism' was mentioned in various publications. Critics against

Identify various grading methods in special education classrooms and Essay

Identify various grading methods in special education classrooms and give examples of appropriate uses of each - Essay Example â€Å"It is up to the classroom and special education teacher to ensure that appropriate strategies are being used† (Watson, 2008). Let’s discuss those grading methods which are turning out to be very successful and are becoming a need for special education classes. â€Å"A special education class needs a variety of behavioral systems† (Barrett, n.d.). In this method, students are given opportunity to write some report on any given topic. In this way, the teacher will be able to know the mental strength of students and will grade them according to their writing style and knowledge which they have put into the report. For example students are asked to write a report on their hobbies. Now, this will be an opportunity for the special students to write it according to their senses and get graded by the teacher accordingly. In this method, students will be graded according to the number or percentage of correct and relative answers to the assignments or questions given to them to be solved. For example, a class of special students is given a questionnaire to be solved by the students. Now, the student who will give the most correct answers to the questions will get more percentage of marks and will be graded as the best student. This is a very useful technique to enhance the answering skills of special students. In this method, the authority of final grading is given to both; class teacher and the resource center teacher. â€Å"In addition to the regular teacher, there will ideally be a special-education teacher whose job it is to adjust the curriculum to your childs abilities† (Mauro, n.d.). Both of them work mutually in cooperation with each other to finalize the grades of any special student by analyzing their skills and abilities in various conditions. This is a useful technique as the efficiency of any student is judged by two authorities rather than one. In point grading system, the performance of any student is based on various factors which include

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Globalization - Essay Example Globalization, for that matter, is also remarked as Internationalization since the nature of the two terms is on a worldwide scale more than anything else1. However, on the part of the two terms, the one thing common however is the fact that these have identified themselves well with the changing (and growing) trends, where most of these are credited on the shoulders of the World War II, after which there has been a resurgent rat race nonetheless. The movement of commodities, people, information, money, technological developments, organizational infrastructures, legal frameworks and so on and so forth have only proved to all and sundry that globalization is a phenomenon and it is one that is here to stay for long. The world has become a global village due to globalization and it is a good omen if seen in the proper perspectives. Globalization entails within it the changing technological innovations, the improvement in structures and different infrastructures, the advancements in basic thinking mindset of man, his ability to break loose from the ordinary and reach out towards the unknown and in all essence do something which can bring about an ultimate change, for the better. Having said that, we need to understand that globalization is not just a phenomenon, it is the science of human evolution and since man has for long held fast to this belief, there can be no reason as to why he should not comprehend the basis of the phenomenon of globalization2. It is a paradigm shift or a movement as we might call it, one that brings more stability within the ranks (where it is applied) and unison in the efforts and activities of all concerned. More often than not, we have seen improvements within the present day systems owing to globalization and it is because of this very perspective of change that we see world bodie s doing their utmost to reach out to far flung areas and explore hidden markets for the

The 8 Cross - Cultural Curative Factors Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The 8 Cross - Cultural Curative Factors - Article Example The client will share the personal emotions faced due to negative self-thought, making it easier for the social worker to co-operate. The next step of â€Å"mastering† will involve the social worker changing the client’s perception of self by giving authentic examples of the client’s worth. This would mean the self-image of the client will change with the discussions. Lastly, â€Å"honoring† as the client will slowly accept his/her self-worth and feel good about it. The client will recognize the fallacy of negative self-worth and change towards positivity, eventually becoming productive and confident. In the case of Chicano clients, as they place special emphasis on familial bonding, the mastering and honoring step will involve the family making the client realize his/her worth. Since family holds unequaled importance, such words of appreciation will have a profound impact on the client, readily healing him/her from negative self-thought. If the motive of the social worker is grassroots organizing, the â€Å"hold† and â€Å"tell† stages of the intervention will be same. However, â€Å"mastering† would involve, along with perception changing discussions, the client’s interactions with like-minded individuals who have improved. â€Å"Honoring† would involve the client working with these groups to promote positivity. The client will be influenced by these groups, thereby not only achieving personal betterment, but also promoting such betterment. Also, as Chicano clients generally possess respect for spirituality and folk people, these groups promoting positivity should likely include religious priests and shamans (primitive natural healers). The inclusion of these people will not only make the group more effective, but also attract the Chicano clients to join and work with them in close

Architecture Properties for Controlling Air for Hygiene

Architecture Properties for Controlling Air for Hygiene Properties of Air Earths atmosphere is composed of air. Air is a mixture of gases of 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen with traces of water vapor, carbon dioxide, argon, and various other components. Air is a uniform gas with properties that are averaged from all the individual components. Air at sea level static conditions for a standard day depends on the pressure and temperature of the location on the earth and season of the year. Gas is composed of a large number of molecules which are in constant and random motion. Air pressure and temperature changes from day to day, hour to hour, and sometimes even minute to minute during severe weather. Standard value of air shown in the diagram are just average values used by engineer in assist to design and calculate machines. Gravity is the key important factor because it holds the atmosphere to the surface. As altitude changes, the state-of-the gas factors will change, which is why the typical values given are at static conditions sea level. As altitude increases, air density, pressure, and temperature decrease. Wind Direction and Speed Understanding Wind. Wind can be defined as a simple of air movement across the earths surface and can be in any direction. which is cause by the differences in air density, thus causing in horizontal differences in air pressure greatly than it causes the vertical pressure. These pressure systems are essentially the cause and result of spatial differences in atmospheric pressure/circulation. There are general characteristics to describe wind, wind Speed and wind Direction, which create different types of wind. Examples of wind include breeze, which is a long duration of low speed wind; gusts, a short burst of high speed wind; strong immediate winds like squalls; and lastly strong intense winds like hurricane or typhoon. Wind speed is the velocity obtained by a mass of air travelling horizontally through the atmosphere. The common measurements for wind speed are kilometres per hour(kmph), miles per hour (mph), knots and meters per second by using a anemometer. The direction of wind is measured by an instrument called a wind vane. There are two main that effect wind direction and speed Pressure-gradient force Coriolis force and friction. *and lastly friction. These factors work coherently to change the wind in different directions and at different speeds. Pressure-Gradient Force Pressure gradient force is the primary force influencing the formation of wind. Wind always blows from high pressure area to low pressure area on a horizontal gradient. Vertically, wind flow from low pressure area to high pressure area. This pressure gradient force that causes the air in motion and causing the air to move in motion with increasing speed down the gradient. Uneven heating on the earths surfaces causes the continual generation of these pressure differences. The greater the pressure difference over a certain horizontal distance, the greater the force and therefore, the stronger the wind. On weather map surfaces, the variations of air pressure over the earths surface is indicated by drawing isolines of pressure, called isobars. The spacing of the isobars indicates the amount of pressure change over a given distance. The closely space in the isobar show steep pressure gradient indicate strong winds, relatively, widely spaced isobars indicate a weak pressure gradient and light winds. The Coriolis force The rotation of the Earth creates another force, known as the Coriolis force which effects the direction of the wind and other object objects in motion in very predictable ways. Newtons first law of motion The law of Inertia, state that forces are balanced. Air will remain moving in a straight line unless it is altered by an unbalancing force. Instead of wind blowing directly from high pressure area to low pressure area, Coriolis force opposes the pressure gradient acceleration and changes the moving air direction. Wind is deflected to the right of the gradient in the Northern Hemisphere, while in the Southern Hemisphere wind is deflected to the left. Key note* Coriolis force only effect the wind direction and not the wind speed. There is no deflection of winds on the equator of the earth, but maximum deflection at the poles Friction layer Wind Friction is the last force that influenced both speed and direction winds. Friction is only operative only close to the Earths at about 2,000 feet above earths surface. Friction greatly reduces speed of surface air and reduces the Coriolis force. As a result, the reduced Coriolis force alter the pressure Gradient force, to move the air at right angles across the isobars toward the area of lower pressure. Surface winds on a weather map does not blow parallel to the isobars in geostropic and gradient wind, instead surface wind cross the isobars vary at an angle from 10 to 45 degrees. Over the ocean where frictional drag is less, and reduced the angle to as little as 10 degrees. Hospital and Air General Principles of infection control Isolation precaution is an important strategy in the practice of infection control. The spread of some infections can be impeded if infected patients are segregated from those who are not infected yet. Although there is no single study showing the effectiveness of isolation. The concept of isolation can be traced back to biblical times when lepers were segregated from the rest of the populace. Towards the end of 19th century, there were recommendations for patients with infectious desease to be placed in separate facilities, which ultimately became known as infectious diseases hospitals. However, in the early 1950s, many of these infectious disease hospitals closed and the patients were moved to general hospitals. The need for proper isolations of infections in the context of general hospitals thus become an important issue. Spatial separation is critically important when using isolation precautions because many infectious airborne contaminations are spread mainly through direct contact when patients are near to one another. Special ventilation controls are required for diseases that can be transmitted over long distances by droplet nuclei (x). However, most diseases are not of this category. Proper isolation is critically important for infectious diseases that can be transmitted through long distance which can result in large clusters of infection in a short period. Infection Control and Isolation Practices Three level of controls must be considered when using isolation precautions. When setting up levels of control for isolation system in hospital, attentive attention must be given for the system to work effectively. Failure in doing so will result all three levels not working and supporting each other. First level of control Administrative control is the first level of control measure that needs to be taken to ensure that the entire system proceed effectively. Implementing proper procedures for triage of patients Detecting infections early Separating infectious patients from others Transporting the patients Educating the patients and staff Designating responsibilities clearly and correctly Communicating with all relevant partners Second level of control environmental and engineering controls is the second level so isolation. Cleaning of the environment Spatial separation Ventilation of spaces Third level of control The third level of control is to further decrease the risk of transmission of infectious disease Personal protection Provide personal protective equipment Sanitor provided in hospital Uses of Air Pressure Differences in Hospital In a hospital setting, certain populations are more vulnerable to airborne infections including immune-compromised patients, new-borns and elderly people. This also include hospital staff and visitors can also be exposed to airborne infections as well. Negative Room Pressure to Prevent Cross Contamination A negative pressure room in a hospital is used to contain airborne contaminants within the room. In the hospital is surrounded by harmful airborne pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, yeasts, moulds, pollens, gases, volatile organic compounds, small particles and chemicals are part of a larger list of airborne pathogens. Negative pressure is created by balancing the rooms ventilation system so that more air is exhaust out from the room than it is supply. A negative pressurize room is architecturally design so that air flows from the corridor, or any adjacent area into the negative pressure room. This is to ensure and prevent airborne contaminants from drifting to other areas of the hospitals and contaminating patients, staff and sterile equipment. Rooms to be Pressurize Negatively According to the 2014 FGI Guidelines and Standard 170-2013, there are a list of rooms in healthcare architecture that needs to be negatively pressurized. ER waiting rooms Radiology waiting rooms Triage Restrooms Airborne infection isolation rooms Darkrooms Cytology, glass washing, histology, microbiology, pathology, sterilizing laboratories and nuclear medicine Soiled workrooms Soiled or decontamination room for central medical and surgical supply Soiled linen and trash chute rooms Holding rooms Autopsy rooms Janitors closets Architecture Design for Negative Pressure Room In a well-designed negative pressure room, there should only be one source of air input to the room. Air is pulled through a gap under the door, other than the small opening, the room should be air tight as possible to prevent air from entering. Room must be regularly maintained to prevent any crack or opening in the room. There are certain criteria and guidelines that a negative pressure room should fulfilled A negative pressure differential of †° 2.5 Pa Isolation room with †°12 air changes per hour (ACH) for new building, †°6 ACH in existing old buildings An airflow differential >123-cfm (56 l/s) exhaust Airflows from clean to dirty Sealing of room, allowing approximately 0.5 square feet (0.046 m2) leakage An exhaust to the outside With recent approval from World Health Organization guidelines, natural ventilation can be used for airborne precaution rooms. Positive Pressure in Healthcare Design Healthcare centre are surrounded by pollutions, germs and airborne infection, and these can severely be hazardous to patients, healthcare employees and visitors when exposed. Visitors in healthcare centre are usually patients suffering from allergies, asthma, cardiopulmonary diseases, hyper sensitive to chemicals or having a weaker immune system and are seriously threatened by airborne micro-biological contamination could worsen their condition. Room adjacent to a negative pressure room are positive pressure. Positive pressure in rooms is to ensure that airborne pathogens do not contaminate the patient or supplies in that room. Operation room are example use of positive pressure, which is use to protect the occupant and sterile medical and surgical supplies. The design intention of a positive pressure room is to optimize the condition for clean, invasive procedure, thus reducing infectious risks to patient. These rooms are often considered the cleanest room in a healthcare facilities. Examples of positive pressure procedure rooms Cardiac catheterization or interventional radiology in a radiology suite Trauma or emergency surgical procedure rooms Other invasive procedures such as the insertion of pacemakers or electrophysiology procedures carried out in other locations of inpatient and outpatient facilities Criteria for a positively pressurise operating room †°15 air changes per hour (ACH) airflow out of the room Examples of Drawing Layout for Negative Isolation Room Reference: http://www.mintie.com/assets/img/resources/ASHRAE_Article-on-VentilationChanges.pdf http://www.tsi.com/uploadedFiles/_Site_Root/Products/Literature/Brochures/Room-Pressure-Solutions-for-Healthcare-Facilities_2980067_US.pdf Positive Pressure vs Negative Pressure When total cubic feet per minute from supply air is more than return air, the room is under positive pressure and the air will flow out of the room. (Supply air > Return air) When return air is more than supply air, the room is under negative pressure and the air will flow into the room. (Return air > Supply Air) CHAPTER 3 ARCHITECTURE PROPERTIES OF CONTROLLING AIR Architecture Natural Ventilation of Health Care Facilities Ventilation Contemporary healthcare centre relies heavily on mechanical ventilation to keep indoor spaces ventilated and pressurise. The uses of mechanical ventilation require high amount energy and often do not work as expected. Equipment failure, poor maintenance, utility service and other management failure may interrupt a normal mechanical operation in healthcare centre. Instead of being an important system for controlling disease and infection, failure in mechanical ventilation systems may result in uncontrollable spread of disease through health-care facilities which could cause huge problem, outbreak of diseases. To ensure performance of mechanical system is not compromised, high cost of money is needed for installation and maintenance cost for the operation. Backing up all mechanical ventilation equipment is expensive and unsustainable is required for continuous operation if the system services a critical facility. Conditional recommendation when designing naturally ventilated healthcare facilities, overall airflow should bring the air from the agent sources to areas where there is sufficient dilution. Ventilation Ventilation the common term use in contemporary architecture, and is an important factor in building design. Ventilation provide healthy air for breathing by moving outdoor air into a building or a room, and channels the air within the building or each respective room. There are three basic elements in building ventilation to be considered: Ventilation Rate ventilation flow rate can be referred to as the absolute amount of inflow air per unit time and the air-change rate as the relative amount of inflow air per unit time. (Annex X.) Airflow Direction the overall airflow direction into a building. Air distribution or airflow pattern each part of the space should be distributed by the external air in an efficient manner. Air flown pattern effects the way airborne pollutants is removed in an efficient manner because pollutants is generated in each part of the space. Natural Ventilation One of the fundamental aspects of architecture is to provide comfort to the inhabitant. This is done by wall insulating, heating, protecting from the sun and managing fresh air intake. Natural ventilation enhances air quality by dissolution of pollutants and refreshing thermal comfort in building. Ventilation based on natural forces should always be preferred to mechanical ventilation especially in European climates, as it can efficiently complete comfort and energy objectives without mechanical energy consumption. Driving Forces of Natural Ventilation From our understanding from chapter 2 (Architecture and Air) that wind is a natural phenomenon causes by pressure-gradient force and coriolis forces therefore is the most influential factor for natural ventilation. Wind creates air flow insides building by creating high and low pressure on different building facades. These movement is strongly dependent on wind pressure gradients. Wind flow and wind pressure distribution. The second natural forces affecting natural ventilation Differential of indoor and outdoor air density causing thermal buoyancy force, stack pressure. Natural ventilation drives outdoor natural air into building envelope openings and other architectural purpose-built openings include windows, doors, solar chimneys, wind towers and trickle ventilators. Wind pressure and stack pressure are two of the natural forces that drives natural ventilation and is important Wind Pressure When wind flows around a building, it can produce a very high suction pressures. Pressure is induced on the building when wind strikes a building. Positive pressure on the windward face which is the direction of upwind from the building; negative pressure on the leeward face, pulling rather than pushing on the building. This drives the air to flow through windward openings into the building to the low-pressure openings at the leeward face. Windward pressure differs along the height of the building, while the leeward pressure is constant. These pressures occur mainly on the leading edges of the roof, and the cladding on these areas has to be firmly fixed to the structure and the roof has to be firmly held down. The wind pressure generated on a building surface is expressed as the pressure difference between the total pressure on the point and the atmospheric static pressure. Wind pressure data can usually be obtained in wind tunnels by using scale models of buildings. If the shape of building, its surrounding condition and wind direction are the same, the wind pressure is proportional to the square of outdoor wind speed. Thus, the wind pressure is usually standardized by being divided by the dynamic pressure of the outdoor wind speed. The standardized wind pressure is called the wind pressure coefficient and symbolized as (Cp). The outdoor wind speed is usually measured at the height of the eave of the building in the wind tunnel. Calculation for wind pressure acting on the building surfaces can be found in Annex X. Natural Architectural Ventilation System Windows and Openings Cross flow Trickle Ventilators Wind Screen Stack Pressure Stack pressure or thermal buoyancy force is generated from the air temperature or humidity difference (sometimes defined as density difference) between indoor and outdoor air. This difference generates an imbalance in pressure gradients of the interior and exterior air columns, causing a vertical pressure difference. Air buoyancy allows movement of air into and out of buildings, chimneys, flue gas stacks or other containers. The effectiveness of stack ventilation is influenced by the effective area of openings, the height of the stack, the temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the stack and pressure differences outside the building. There are two effective uses of stack ventilation which occurs in a room and stack effect in a high-rise building. Examples two different uses are given as below. When the room air is warmer than the outside air, the room air is less dense and rises. Air enters the building through lower openings and escapes from upper openings; on the other hand, when the air is colder than the outside air, the room air is denser than the outside air, the direction of air flow is reverse to an insignificant degree. Air is then entering the building through the upper openings and escapes through the lower openings. Stack driven flows in a building are driven by indoor and outdoor temperatures. The ventilation rate through stack is the result of pressure differential between two openings of the stack. When air heat up, it becomes less dense thus more buoyant, causing air to rise up. Understanding the properties of air in chapter 2, we are able to use this effect to naturally ventilate buildings. Cooler air from outside of the building is drawn into the building at the lower level and is heat up by user, equipment, heating or solar heat gain within the building. Hot air that rises up in the building is vent out at a high level. The tendency of warm air to rise results in pressure differences at various levels of the building. Pressure on the lower levels and basements of a building falls below the atmospheric pressure. On the upper levels of the building, pressure of air will be higher than atmospheric pressure. In between the point of high pressure and low pressure zones lies the neutral pressure plane where the pressure will be neutral. Internal air pressure above the neutral plane will be positive pressure, forcing air to be drawn out the building; wheres, below the neutral plan e, the internal air pressure will be negative and drawing air into the building. The neutral pressure plane is often located at the vertical mid-point of the building. A building with similar leakage rates at all levels will have neutral plane at the mid-point. However, when the basement is leaky and sealed top floor of the building, the building will have a lower neutral pressure plane. Similarly, when the building has a leakier top floor and sealed basement the neutral pressure plane will be higher than the mid-point. Natural Architectural Ventilation System Solar Chimney and Atrium Trombe Wall Bernoulis Principle Identical to stack ventilation using air pressure for passive ventilation, except the difference between bernoulis principle and stack ventilation is where the pressure difference comes from. Unlike stack ventilation which utilizes temperature difference to move air, bernoulis principle uses wind speed difference to move air. In general principle of fluid dynamics, faster moving air has lower pressure. This lower pressure can help suck fresh air through the building. From an architectural point of view, outdoor air further from the ground is less obstructed, causing it to move faster than air at lower altitude, thus resulting in lower pressure. Site surrounding is an important factor to be accounted for, with less obstruction for wind to travel. Natural Architectural Ventilation System Example use of Bernoulis principle are wind cowls and wind tower which utilizes the faster winds above roof tops for passive ventilation. Wind Cowl Fast roof top wind is scooped into the building through the intake valve and at the larger outlet valve creates lower pressure which naturally suck the air out. Stack effect will also help to pull air out through the same exhaust vent. Architectural Design taking Advantage of Stack Ventilation and Bernoulis Principle Designing for stack ventilation and Bernoullis principle are similar, and a structure built for one will generally have both phenomena at work. In both strategies, cool air is sucked in through low inlet openings and hotter exhaust air escapes through high outlet openings. The ventilation rate is proportional to the area of the openings. Placing openings at the bottom and top of an open space will encourage natural ventilation through stack effect. The warm air will exhaust through the top openings, resulting in cooler air being pulled into the building from the outside through the openings at the bottom. Openings at the top and bottom should be roughly the same size to encourage even air flow through the vertical space. To design for these effects, the most important consideration is to have a large difference in height between air inlets and outlets. The bigger the difference, the better. Towers and chimneys can be useful to carry air up and out, or skylights or clerestories in more modest buildings. For these strategies to work, air must be able to flow between levels. Multi-story buildings should have vertical atria or shafts connecting the airflows of different floors.

An Essay on Telephone Marketing :: essays research papers

An essay on telephone marketing Issues surrounding telephone marketing can never be over analysed. There are many factors which influenced the development of telephone marketing. Cited by many as the single most important influence on post modern micro eco compartmentalism, telephone marketing is featuring more and more in the ideals of the young and upwardly mobile. Inevitably feelings run deep amongst the aristocracy, trapped by their infamous history. Relax, sit back and gasp as I display the rich tapestries of telephone marketing. Social Factors As Reflected in classical mythology society is complicated. The immortal and indispensable phrase ‘honesty is the best policy’ [1] created a monster which society has been attempting to tame ever since. Much has been said about the influence of the media on telephone marketing. Observers claim it is crunchy on the outside but soft in the middle. Our post-literate society, more than ever before, relies upon telephone marketing. To put it simply, people like telephone marketing. Economic Factors We no longer live in a world which barters 'I'll give you three cows for that hat, it’s lovely.' Our existance is a generation which cries 'Hat - $20.' Of course, telephone marketing fits perfectly into the Custard-Not-Mustard model of economics. Inflation telephone marketing It is apparent from the graph that the influence of telephone marketing is strong. What is the secret to its strength? Even a child could work out that inflation has always depended upon telephone marketing to a certain extent, but now more that ever. In the light of this free trade must be examined. Political Factors No man is an island, but what of politics? Comparing the electoral politics of most Western and Eastern European countries is like comparing pre and post war views of telephone marketing. Let us consider the words of that silver tongued orator, the uncompromising Vatusia Shandy 'A man must have his cake and eat it in order to justify his actions.' [2] He was first introduced to telephone marketing by his mother.

A Reflection Paper on Night by Elie Wiesel Essay

Night, an autobiography by Eliezer Weisel, recounts his experience of being a Jew in the Holocaust during the early 1840’s. The story explores the escalation of fear in the Jews and its overriding presence in their lives, Eliezer’s crisis of faith, and the loss of humanity in the Jewish people including the numerous images of death put forth in the book. Weisel portrays their fears in ways we could never dream of and makes us look at how people are affected spiritually in the wake of dehumanizing suffering. Also, he portrays in the story how the Jews were stripped of everything in the Holocaust including their human dignity and self worth. The escalation of fear is a common thread throughout this book. In the beginning, when all foreign Jews were expelled from their town of Sighet, the remaining Jews pretended that those exported were better off wherever they were now. Then, when Moishe the Beadle (an exported Jewish foreigner) returned to Sighet one day and told the Jews how he had escaped by pretending he had been killed along with the others, he was titled as a madman who only wanted their pity. The Jews refused to even listen to Moishe the Beadle let alone accept anything he said as the truth. The Jews lived in denial and in a state of pretending up until the point in which they were transported and brought to the concentration camp at Birkenau. At that point fear became real in the eyes of the Jews for they saw for themselves the flames from the crematorium and the smell of burning flesh. From then on fear guided their every waking moment for it enveloped their common sense and being. It began to control them and it made them act in unimaginable ways. Eliezer feared losing everything he had. This was in a way a driving force that kept him alive. For example, when the alarm at the concentration camp sounded and everyone had to stay in their barracks, a couple of pots of soup were left unguarded. Even though they were starving, fear overcame hunger. However, there was one Jew who was bold enough to risk his life for an extra ration of soup and who ended up with a bullet in his back. This scene cemented their fear of death in everyone’s mind. One of the main conflicts in Eliezer Wiesel’s life is his struggle with his faith. Before the Holocaust, Eliezer was a deeply observant scholar who had devouted much of his time towards his faith and studies. His faith in God  was unconditional and seemed unchangeable up until the moment he left his train car and arrived at the death camp. It was at that point in his life when he would never regard his faith with the same view again. He did not understand why the God he had spent so much time on throughout his life would just suddenly desert him and the whole Jewish race. He felt deeply betrayed because God has let Jews be taken from their homes, brought to concentration camps, and be left to be tortured and even cruelly killed. These events are permanently embedded in his mind and caused his faith to prove not so unshakable after all. One particularly scarring event for Eliezer was when a little boy was hung because his barrack was found to be in possession of many weapons. Eliezer felt God’s complete abandonment in that He would allow such a young and innocent boy to be hung. Eliezer’s loss of faith makes one think how easily one might lose his own faith if put in Eliezer’s same position. For it is easy to love the Lord in times of peace, but the real challenge is keeping one’s faith in God and in His unconditional love for us when profound suffering comes knocking at the door. Through seeing Eliezer’s shaken faith, we learn that the Jews did not only suffer physically, emotionally, and mentally in the Holocaust but also spiritually. A third common theme in the story is one of death and the loss of the Jews’ humanity through their suffering in the concentration camps. The amount of torture and cruelty and stark images of death the Jews encounter in the Holocaust is unfathomable. Take for example the instance when Eliezer and his father were being transported for the last time to Buchenwald concentration camp. When their open train car passed through a town, the townspeople thought it would be entertaining to throw bread into their cars and then witness the savage pandemonium that would ensue. The Jews in those cars were at the point of dying. Frozen and starved they would lose all human decency and actually fight to the death over a piece of bread. At this point there were no morals left among the Jews for their suffering was so profound that they began to lose their humanity and act like animals. This dehumanization of the Jews can be further demonstrated in comparing their corpses to sacks of flour. When dead bodies were thrown out of the train  cars or into the crematoria, no respect was shown to the humanity of that Jew. The concluding image of the corpse in the mirror succinctly sums up the themes in the book. The Jews’ fear of death prevented them from acting rashly which might have gotten them killed but it also prevented them from taking bold steps to ensure their survival (for example, stealing food). The corpse image represents Eliezer’s loss of faith because by denying the existence of a loving and merciful God he is denying his dignity in being created in the image of God. And thirdly, the corpse is a clear representation of death and one’s loss of humanity in the wake of immense suffering that strips you of your dignity and worth. In conclusion, the suffering of the Jews in the Holocaust was so profound that they were affected on all levels beginning with being physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually affected to being treated like animals stripped of all self dignity and humanity. Bibliography for Pride and Prejudice Reflection Paper 1. Weisel, Elie, Weisel, Marion. Night. New York: Hill and Wang, 2006. Print.

Economy of India Essay

India is a fastest developing country in the world. India, with its diversified culture, civilization, natural resources, technology and huge skilled human resources, is also a fastest growing economy in the world. But at the same time there are several problems plaquing our Modern India which is affecting the growth and development. These problems can be broadly classified as: Socio-economic Problems Other major Problems 1. Socio-economic Problems The major socio-economic problem being faced by India is ‘Poverty’. Even after six decades of independence, the country is still fighting against this social evil of poverty. It is estimated that nearly one third of Indian population of 1.21 Billion, i.e., nearly 426 millions of people are living below poverty line. Many go without a meal a day. Though Governments are struggling hard to eradicate poverty, the increasing population and mismanagement of government schemes, have fueled the growth of poverty. The population is growing at an alarming rate. In last ten years the population has grown by 0.20 billion. The positive effects of development are nullified by increase in population. Hence there is an urgent need to curtail population growth, by adopting strict family planning programmes by government. Apart from this there is also a need to increase rural and urban employment, by better management of Government Schemes like Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGREGS), Jawaharlal Nehru Rojagar Yojana (JNRY), etc. By strict implementation of these schemes poverty can be reduced to a substantial extent. The second most burning socio-economic problem of India is ‘Unemployment’. Nearly 9.4% of Indian population is unemployed. i.e., around 120 million people are either unemployed or underemployed. This large number of unemployment is of great concern and governments are devising new and effective schemes to curb this unemployment. Again by strictly implementing MGREGS and JNRY Schemes, it is possible to reduce the rate of unemployment. Since poverty is directly linked to unemployment, the schemes and effort by government to eradicate unemployment, also helps in eradicating poverty. 2. The Other Major Problems: The other major problem faced by India is lack of ‘Quality education’. Despite governments initiative in schemes like ‘Serva Shikhsa Abhiyana’( Education For All), many children in rural India, still do not have access to good schools and quality education. Further the rural children have to work to contribute to their family income, thereby denying time for education. Despite the government’s effort on compulsory education and child labour ban, many children are still not able to go to schools. Added to this lack of quality teachers is also a cause for decline in quality education. Poverty eradication and improvements of rural schools should be a priority area of concern for governments to address this problem. The next important social problem being faced by India is ‘Corruption’ Corruption is widespread in India. It ranks 72 among top most corrupt countries in the world. In India corruption takes the form of bribes, evasion of taxes, misappropriation of funds, embezzlement etc. A study found that more than 50% had firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling influence to get a job done in a public office. The main economic consequence of corruption, are loss to exchequer, an unhealthy environment for investment and increase in cost of government services. Apart from this Corruption also leads to an unethical society. This increases the already existing gap between poor and wealthy. This may lead to unrest and destruction of modern societies. This social evil needs to be curbed so as to bring back moral values in the society as well as to fill the widening gap between the haveones and havenots. The introduction of Lokpal Bill in the Parliament, its strict implementation and a moral fight against corruption may help in eradicating corruption in public life. The other major problem is ‘terrorism and naxalism’ this is also the offshoot of social inequality. Many youths in India, due to poverty and lack of education, have trodden the path of either terrorism or Naxalism. Naxalism though, having its root in Marxism, its main cause lies in unequal distribution of wealth. The root cause of terrorism in India is attributable to partly to Logistic fundamentalism and partly due to regionalism. If we curb these two basic issues, by removing social inequality and religious tolerance, and equal development in all the states, these menaces can be easily controlled. The above problems being faced by Modern India can not be solved just by Government Policies and Schemes, but these can be definitely addressed by people’s wholehearted participation and willingness to commit ourselves to Social values, equality and education.